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Johann Sebastian Bach

1685 - 1750 Person Name: J. Sebastian Bach Composer of "LORRAINE" in Cân a Mawl Johann Sebastian Bach was born at Eisenach into a musical family and in a town steeped in Reformation history, he received early musical training from his father and older brother, and elementary education in the classical school Luther had earlier attended. Throughout his life he made extraordinary efforts to learn from other musicians. At 15 he walked to Lüneburg to work as a chorister and study at the convent school of St. Michael. From there he walked 30 miles to Hamburg to hear Johann Reinken, and 60 miles to Celle to become familiar with French composition and performance traditions. Once he obtained a month's leave from his job to hear Buxtehude, but stayed nearly four months. He arranged compositions from Vivaldi and other Italian masters. His own compositions spanned almost every musical form then known (Opera was the notable exception). In his own time, Bach was highly regarded as organist and teacher, his compositions being circulated as models of contrapuntal technique. Four of his children achieved careers as composers; Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Brahms, and Chopin are only a few of the best known of the musicians that confessed a major debt to Bach's work in their own musical development. Mendelssohn began re-introducing Bach's music into the concert repertoire, where it has come to attract admiration and even veneration for its own sake. After 20 years of successful work in several posts, Bach became cantor of the Thomas-schule in Leipzig, and remained there for the remaining 27 years of his life, concentrating on church music for the Lutheran service: over 200 cantatas, four passion settings, a Mass, and hundreds of chorale settings, harmonizations, preludes, and arrangements. He edited the tunes for Schemelli's Musicalisches Gesangbuch, contributing 16 original tunes. His choral harmonizations remain a staple for studies of composition and harmony. Additional melodies from his works have been adapted as hymn tunes. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Ann Griffiths

1776 - 1805 Person Name: Mrs. Ann Griffiths Author of "O! am gael ffydd i edrych" in Cân a Mawl Griffiths, Ann, of Dolwar Fechan, Montgomeryshire, was born in 1776, and died in 1805. She composed many beautiful hymns, a collection of which was published (posthumously) in 1806, and also in 1808, under the title of "Hymnau o fawl i Dduw ac i'r oen" ("Hymns of Praise to God and the Lamb"). Several of her hymns rank with the best in the Welsh language. [Rev. W. Glanffrwd Thomas] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology ========================= Griffiths, Ann, p. 470, ii. A long account of this writer, and several translations into English of her hymns, are given in H. Elvet Lewis's Sweet Singers of Wales, R. T. S., 1889. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907)

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