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Charles Wesley

1707 - 1788 Person Name: Charles Wesley, 1707-1788 Hymnal Number: d21 Author of "Alleluia" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Charles Wesley, M.A. was the great hymn-writer of the Wesley family, perhaps, taking quantity and quality into consideration, the great hymn-writer of all ages. Charles Wesley was the youngest son and 18th child of Samuel and Susanna Wesley, and was born at Epworth Rectory, Dec. 18, 1707. In 1716 he went to Westminster School, being provided with a home and board by his elder brother Samuel, then usher at the school, until 1721, when he was elected King's Scholar, and as such received his board and education free. In 1726 Charles Wesley was elected to a Westminster studentship at Christ Church, Oxford, where he took his degree in 1729, and became a college tutor. In the early part of the same year his religious impressions were much deepened, and he became one of the first band of "Oxford Methodists." In 1735 he went with his brother John to Georgia, as secretary to General Oglethorpe, having before he set out received Deacon's and Priest's Orders on two successive Sundays. His stay in Georgia was very short; he returned to England in 1736, and in 1737 came under the influence of Count Zinzendorf and the Moravians, especially of that remarkable man who had so large a share in moulding John Wesley's career, Peter Bonier, and also of a Mr. Bray, a brazier in Little Britain. On Whitsunday, 1737, [sic. 1738] he "found rest to his soul," and in 1738 he became curate to his friend, Mr. Stonehouse, Vicar of Islington, but the opposition of the churchwardens was so great that the Vicar consented that he "should preach in his church no more." Henceforth his work was identified with that of his brother John, and he became an indefatigable itinerant and field preacher. On April 8, 1749, he married Miss Sarah Gwynne. His marriage, unlike that of his brother John, was a most happy one; his wife was accustomed to accompany him on his evangelistic journeys, which were as frequent as ever until the year 1756," when he ceased to itinerate, and mainly devoted himself to the care of the Societies in London and Bristol. Bristol was his headquarters until 1771, when he removed with his family to London, and, besides attending to the Societies, devoted himself much, as he had done in his youth, to the spiritual care of prisoners in Newgate. He had long been troubled about the relations of Methodism to the Church of England, and strongly disapproved of his brother John's "ordinations." Wesley-like, he expressed his disapproval in the most outspoken fashion, but, as in the case of Samuel at an earlier period, the differences between the brothers never led to a breach of friendship. He died in London, March 29, 1788, and was buried in Marylebone churchyard. His brother John was deeply grieved because he would not consent to be interred in the burial-ground of the City Road Chapel, where he had prepared a grave for himself, but Charles said, "I have lived, and I die, in the Communion of the Church of England, and I will be buried in the yard of my parish church." Eight clergymen of the Church of England bore his pall. He had a large family, four of whom survived him; three sons, who all became distinguished in the musical world, and one daughter, who inherited some of her father's poetical genius. The widow and orphans were treated with the greatest kindness and generosity by John Wesley. As a hymn-writer Charles Wesley was unique. He is said to have written no less than 6500 hymns, and though, of course, in so vast a number some are of unequal merit, it is perfectly marvellous how many there are which rise to the highest degree of excellence. His feelings on every occasion of importance, whether private or public, found their best expression in a hymn. His own conversion, his own marriage, the earthquake panic, the rumours of an invasion from France, the defeat of Prince Charles Edward at Culloden, the Gordon riots, every Festival of the Christian Church, every doctrine of the Christian Faith, striking scenes in Scripture history, striking scenes which came within his own view, the deaths of friends as they passed away, one by one, before him, all furnished occasions for the exercise of his divine gift. Nor must we forget his hymns for little children, a branch of sacred poetry in which the mantle of Dr. Watts seems to have fallen upon him. It would be simply impossible within our space to enumerate even those of the hymns which have become really classical. The saying that a really good hymn is as rare an appearance as that of a comet is falsified by the work of Charles Wesley; for hymns, which are really good in every respect, flowed from his pen in quick succession, and death alone stopped the course of the perennial stream. It has been the common practice, however for a hundred years or more to ascribe all translations from the German to John Wesley, as he only of the two brothers knew that language; and to assign to Charles Wesley all the original hymns except such as are traceable to John Wesley through his Journals and other works. The list of 482 original hymns by John and Charles Wesley listed in this Dictionary of Hymnology have formed an important part of Methodist hymnody and show the enormous influence of the Wesleys on the English hymnody of the nineteenth century. -- Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ================== Charles Wesley, the son of Samuel Wesley, was born at Epworth, Dec. 18, 1707. He was educated at Westminster School and afterwards at Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated M.A. In 1735, he took Orders and immediately proceeded with his brother John to Georgia, both being employed as missionaries of the S.P.G. He returned to England in 1736. For many years he engaged with his brother in preaching the Gospel. He died March 29, 1788. To Charles Wesley has been justly assigned the appellation of the "Bard of Methodism." His prominence in hymn writing may be judged from the fact that in the "Wesleyan Hymn Book," 623 of the 770 hymns were written by him; and he published more than thirty poetical works, written either by himself alone, or in conjunction with his brother. The number of his separate hymns is at least five thousand. --Annotations of the Hymnal, Charles Hutchins, M.A., 1872.

J. D. Chambers

1805 - 1893 Hymnal Number: d28 Author of "Lo the pilgrim Magi" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Chambers, John David, M.A., F.S.A., son of Captain Chambers of the R. N., was born in London in 1805, and educated at Oriel College, Oxford, graduating with honours, in 1827 (M.A. 1831). He was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple in 1831. In 1842 he published an elaborate treatise on the Jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery over the persons and property of Infants, and was appointed Recorder of New Sarum the same year. At Salisbury his attention was specially attracted to the Liturgical and other Ecclesiastical lore appertaining to the Cathedral, and to St. Osmund, its Bishop, 1078. St. Osmund compiled from different sources a series of Divine Offices, and Rules for their celebration within his diocese. These Rules were in two parts, the Ordinals, and the Consuetudinary. The use of these Rules became very extensive; and although in certain parts the Uses of York, Hereford, Bangor, and Lincoln varied, yet John Brompton, the Cistercian Abbot of Jervaulx, writing within a hundred years after St. Osmund's death, eays that these Rules and Offices had been adopted throughout England, Wales, and Ireland. About 1230 (after the opening of the New Cathedral at Salisbury) these Rules were collected and rewritten in a complete volume, entitled Tractatus de Officiis Ecclesiasticus (manuscript in the Cathedral Library). In the mean time the Ordinale had become partly welded into this Consuetudinary, and partly (especially that portion therein omitted from Maundy Thursdav to Easter Eve) incorporated in the Breviary, Missal, and Processional, which had assumed definite shapes. From these materials, together with the aid of several manuscripts and early printed Breviaries, Mr. Chambers published a translation of:— The Psalter, or Seven Ordinary Hours of Sarum, with the Hymns for the Tear, and the Variations of the York and Hereford Breviaries, Lond. 1852. This was accompanied with a Preface, notes, and illustrations, together with music from a manuscript folio Antiphonary or Breviary of the early part of the 14th cent, (in the (Salisbury Cath. Lib.) collated with a similar ms. folio (Lansdowne, 463), both of Sarum Use. The hymns with their melodies, and the Canticles, were also collated with a MS. of the 14th cent. (Harl. 2951). Mr. Chamber's subsequent publications include: (1) The Encheiridion; or, Book of Daily Devotion of the Ancient English Church according to Sarum Use. Lond. 1860. To this a number of the appropriate Hymns and Collects were added. (2) A Companion for Holy Communion for Clergy or Laity; with a Prefatory Office for Confession, from the Ancient English Offices of Sarum Use, 3rd ed. 1855. This was accompanied with notes and authorities. (3) Lauda Syon, Ancient Latin Hymns of the English and Other Churches, Translated into corresponding Metres, Pt. i. 1857; Pt. ii. 1866. (4) An Order of Household Devotion for a Week, with Variations for the Seasons and Festivals, from the Ancient English of Sarum Use. Lond. 1854. (5) A Complete & Particular, yet concise account of the mode of conducting Divine Worship in England in the 13th and 14th centuries, contrasted with and adapted to that in use at the Present Time. Lond. 1877. (6) A translation from the original Greek of the genuine works of Hermes Trismegistus, the Christian Neoplatonist (A.D. 60), with notes and quotations from the Fathers. Mr. Chambers's publications and translations have had no small part in stimulating the great change which has taken place in the mode of worship in the Church of England. His translations of Latin hymns are close, clear and poetical; they have much strength and earnestness, and the rhythm is easy and musical. Those in common use are mainly from the Lauda Syon. Greater use, however, might be made of these translations than has been done. Their earnestness and dignity would raise the tone of many collections. Died Aug. 22, 1893. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Job Hupton

1762 - 1849 Hymnal Number: d15 Author of "Come, ye faithful, raise an anthem" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Hupton, Job, was born in 1762, at a small village near Burton-on-Trent. He was brought up to work at a forge, but after his conversion through the preaching of the Rev. John Bradford, one of Lady Huntingdon's ministers, whom he heard at Walsal, he began to preach; and after a few months at Trevecca College, was himself employed by Lady Huntingdon for some years as one of her itinerating ministers. Having changed his views on the subject of Baptism, he became, in 1794, pastor of the Baptist church at Claxton, in Norfolk, where he laboured with much success for many years. He died Oct. 19, 1849. Hupton wrote much both in prose and verse, his compositions appearing in the Gospel Magazine under the signatures of “Ebenezer," "Eliakini, and "J. H—n." His prose writings were collected and published in 1843, under the title The Truth as it is in Jesus. In 1861, D. Sedgwick reprinted his Hymns & Spiritual Poems, with a brief memoir. Of his 22 hymns three only are in common use:— 1. Come ye saints and raise an anthem. Praise. 2. Glorious, high, and lofty One. The Dominion of God. In Gospel Magazine, June, 1806. 3. Jesus, Omnipotent to save. Lent. The first of these, "Come ye," &c. (q.v.), in its altered form by Dr. Neale, is in extensive use, the rest ore in a few hymn-books only. Hupton had a bold and vigorous imagination and great command of language. If in early life he had enjoyed better educational advantages, he would probably have attained to eminence as a poet. [Rev. W. R. Stevenson, M. A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

John Kempthorne

1775 - 1838 Hymnal Number: d40 Author of "Praise the Lord, ye heavens adore him" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Born: June 24, 1775, Plymouth, England. Died: November 6, 1838, Gloucester, England. Kempthorne, John, B.D., s. of Admiral Kempthorne, was born at Plymouth, June 24, 1775, and educated at St. John's, Cambridge (B.A. 1796, B.D. 1807), of which he subsequently became a Fellow. On taking Holy Orders, he became Vicar of Northleach, Gloucestershire, in 1816; Vicar of Wedmore, Somersetshire, 1827, and the same year Rector of St. Michael's, and Chaplain of St. Mary de Grace, Gloucester. He was also a Prebendary in Lichfield Cathedral from 1826, and sometime Examining Chaplain to the Bishop of that diocese. He died at Gloucester, Nov. 6, 1838. His hymnological work is:— Select Portions of Psalms from Various Translations, and Hymns,from Various Authors. The whole Arranged according to the yearly Seasons of the Church of England , with attempts at corrections and improvements. By the Rev. John Kempthorne, B.D.....London. Batchard. 1810. In this collection there are a few hymns of merit, as ”Forgive, O Lord, our wanderings past," "Great God, to Thee our songs we raise," and "Praise the Lord, ye heavens adore Him," which are usually ascribed, on D. Sedgwick's authority, to J. Kempthorne. These hymns, however, are not by Kempthorne, but were taken by him for his collection from the Foundling Hospital Psalms & Hymns, 1796 and 1801-9; and there is no evidence whatever that he had anything to do with that hymn-book. As that book is frequently quoted by hymnologists, we append the title-page of the 1801 ed., which is a reprint of that of 1797:— Psalms, Hymns, and Anthems; sung in the Chapel of the Hospital for the Maintenance and Education of Exposed and Deserted Young Children. London, Printed in the Year M.DCCC.I. At the end of some copies of this edition there is pasted in a four-paged sheet of hymns which include, with others, "Praise the Lord, ye heavens, adore Him (q.v.) In the first edition of his own Selection of Portion of Psalms, &c, 1810, Kempthorne did not in any way indicate his own hymns, but in the 2nd ed. of 1813 (which is a reprint of the 1st ed. with an Appendix of 11 hymns) he says in his Preface:— “For Hymn 140 and Hymn, p. 267. Appendix; for almost all of Ps. 42, p. 197; Ps. 51, p. 57 and 61; Ps. 84, p. 195; Ps. 86, p. 134; Ps. 115, p. 49; Hymn 127 ; and for a considerable part of Ps. 22, p. 64; Ps. 122, p. 103; Ps. 133, p. 141; Ps. 139, p. 38; Hymns 20, 43, 54, 81, 97, 101, 118, and several others, the Editor is responsible, and acknowledges his obligations to some kind friends." Of these hymns and psalm versions, which Kempthorne claims as his own, only one or two are in common use. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Rhijnuis Feith

1753 - 1824 Person Name: Rhijnvis Feith Hymnal Number: d39 Author of "Praise the Lord through every nation" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Rhijnvis Feith (b. Zwolle, the Netherlands, 1753; d. Zwolle, 1824) received a law degree from the University of Leiden in 1770 and was mayor of Zwolle. An ardent Dutch patriot and a man of letters who lamented the Napoleonic occupation of the Netherlands, Feith wrote nineteen volumes of prose and poetry, much of it highly romantic, as well as theological and philosophic essays. He also wrote a number of hymns, thirty-five of which were included in the Dutch hymnal Evangelische Gezangen (1806), which he helped to compile. Bert Polman ================ Feith, Rhijnvis, a Minister of the Dutch Reformed Church at Zwolle, in Holland. His hymn "Looftden Koning, alle Volken" appeared in the Evangelische Gezangen bij Godsdienst in de Nederlandsche Hervormde Gemeenten, 1806 (p. 1528, ii.). This hymn was translated on January 10, 1828, by J. Montgomery (M. MSS), as "Praise the Lord through every nation," and so far as we can trace, was first published in his Original Hymns, 1853, p. 136, as a hymn for Ascension Day, and headed, “Paraphrased, in the original metre, from a Dutch Hymn." In 1855 it was included in Mercer's Church Psalter & Hymn Book, No. 122, and later in many collections. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907)

William Cooke

1821 - 1894 Hymnal Number: d32 Author of "Morn's roseate hues have decked the sky" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Cooke, William, M.A., was born at Pendlebury, near Manchester, in 1821, and was educated in private schools. In 1839 he went up to Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and took his B.A. degree in 1843, and his M.A. in 1847. Ordained Deacon in 1844, and Priest in 1845, by the Bishop [Blomfield] of London, and having served the Assistant Curacies of Hillingdon, near Uxbridge, and of Myholt and Brantham in Suffolk, he was presented, in 1848, to the Incumbency of St. John's, Charlotte Street, London; in 1850, to the Vicarage of St. Stephen's, Shepherd's Bush; and in 1856, to the Vicarage of Gazeley, Suffolk. In 1850, he was a Select Preacher to the University of Cambridge; and from 1849 to 1857, Examining Chaplain to the Bishop [Graham] of Chester, by whom he was made Honorary Canon of Chester in 1854. In 1868 he was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London. He is the author of The Power of the Priesthood in Absolution, in 1863; Of Ceremonies, Lights and Custom (a Letter to the Rev. T. W. Perry), and various Sermons. In 1849, he issued a Book of Hymns for the use of the Congregation worshipping at St. John's, Charlotte Street, London; in 1853 was joint editor with the Rev. William Denton of The Church Hymnal; and in 1872 was associated with the Rev. Benjamin Webb, Prebendary of St. Paul's, in the editorship of The Hymnary. For that collection he translated and composed several hymns, his signature in some cases being " A. C. C.," i.e. "A Canon of Chester." --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Robert Corbett Singleton

1810 - 1881 Person Name: Robert C. Singleton Hymnal Number: d31 Author of "Lord, while thy courts we tread" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Singleton, Robert C., M.A., was born Oct. 9, 1810, and educated at Trinity College, Dublin; B.A. 1830; M.A. 1833. He was for some time Warden of St. Columba College, near Dublin; and subsequently First Warden of St. Peter's College, Radley, from 1847 to 1851. In 1851 he retired to Monkstown, near Dublin; and then to York, where he died in 1881. In 1868 he published in conjunction with Dr. E. G. Monk, the Anglican Hymn Book (2nd ed. 1871). To that collection he contributed a large number of translations from the Latin, a few from the German, and the following original hymns:— 1. As James the Great, with glowing zeal. St. James. 2. Beneath the fig-tree's grateful shade. St. Bartholomew. 3. From out the deep, 0 Lord, on Thee. For those at sea. 4. Good Lord! who hast the weighty woes. Sexagisima. 5. Hail! highly favoured, blessed Maid. Annunciation. 6. How blest the union, gracious Lord. SS. Simon and Jude. In 1871 it reads, "How blest the unity, good Lord”. 7. In weakness great, and strong in hidden might. St. Peter. 8. Jesu, Child of mortal throes. A Litany. 9. Lord, ever shew Thy blessed face. Evening 10. Lord, give us of that fervent love. St. Thomas. 11. Lord, see how swelling crowds arise. Ps. iii. 12. Lo, sea and land their gifts outpour. St. Matthew. 13. O all ye people, clap your hands. Ps. xlvii. 14. O is it nought to you who tread? Tuesday before Easter. 15. O Lord, how excellent Thy name. Ps. viii. 16. The Cross upraised on Calvary's height. Good Friday. 17. The Father shew us, gracious Lord. SS. Philip and James. 18. The Lord hath quelled the rebel powers. Easter. 19. The Lord, He gave the word. Septuagesima. 20. The morning light hath shed its beams. Morning. 21. Thy dear disciple on the sea. St. John the Evangelist. 22. When fairest Eve in Eden rose. Holy Matrimony. 23. Who comes from Edom, with His robes. Monday before Easter. 24. Why storm the heathen? Wherefore do they ring? Ps. ii. 25. Why, weary mourner, shed the ceaseless tear? Resignation. 26. With gladsome feet we press. Processional. 27. Within a chamber, calm and still. St. Matthias. 28. With me is Luke, alone of all. St. Luke. These hymns were all contributed to the first edition of the Anglican Hymn Book, 1868, and very few of them are found elsewhere. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ================= Singleton, R. C., p. 1060, i. From Burke's Landed Gentry we find Singleton was the second son of Francis Corbet, of Aclare, co. Meath, who in 1820 took the name of Singleton only, and gave to his son the name of Corbet as a Christian name. The same authority says that R. C. Singleton was b. Oct. 9, 1810. He d. Feb. 7, 1881. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907)

Thomas Whytehead

1815 - 1843 Hymnal Number: d27 Author of "Lo the firmament doth bear" in Processional Hymns, for Use in the Cathedral of All Saints, Albany, New York Thomas Whytehead was born at Thormanby, York, in 1815. He studied at Beverly Grammar School, and S. John's College, Cambridge; graduated B.A. in 1837, and M.A. in 1840. He received various honours at the University, among them the Chancellor's medal for English verse. In 1839, he was appointed Curate of Freshwater, Isle of Wight. In 1841, he was appointed chaplain to the Bishop of New Zealand, but died the next year after reaching Sidney. One of his last works was to translate Bishop Ken's "Evening Hymn" into Maori. The few works which he published give a favorable impression of the piety and learning of their author. -Annotations of the Hymnal, Charles Hutchins, M.A. 1872. ========================== Whytehead, Thomas, M.A., son of H. R. Whytehead, Rector of Crayke, and Prebendary of Lincoln, was born at Thormanby, Nov. 30, 1815. He was educated at Beverley Grammar School, and St. John's College, Cambridge. He was Bell University Scholar; he also won the Chancellor's medal for English Verse twice; the Hulsean prize of 1835; and other distinctions. He was also twenty-second senior optirae in the Mathematical Tripos, and second in the first class in the Classical Tripos; B.A. in 1837, and Foundation Fellow of his college the same year. In 1838 he was classical lecturer at Clare College, but left the University for the Curacy of Freshwater, Isle of Wight, on taking Holy Orders in 1839. In 1841 he was appointed Chaplain to Dr. Selwyn, Bishop elect of New Zealand, and sailed for that country in 1842. He was appointed the first Principal of the College which the Bishop established in New Zealand; but owing to the rupture of a blood vessel shortly after landing in New South Wales, he never took any duty in New Zealand. The little time and strength which remained to him he spent in correcting the Maori translation of the Bible and Prayer Book. The end came, however, only too soon, and he died at Waimate, New Zealand, March 19, 1843. The esteem in which he was held is emphasised by the fact that "When the new chapel of his college [St. John's Cambridge] was erected and the vaulted roof was enriched with a series of figures, beautifully executed, according to the several successive centuries of the Christian era, the five which received the distinguished honour of being selected to represent the nineteenth century, all members of his college, were Henry Martyn, William Wilberforce, William Wordsworth, James Wood, and Thomas Whytehead."—( Mission Life, July 1873, p. 390.) Whytehead's Poems were published by Rivingtons in 1842, and his College Life, posthumously in 1845. In the former there are seven "Hymns towards a Holy Week." Of these "Last of creation's days" (Sixth day) and the widely known "Sabbath of the saints of old" (q.v.). Five days before he died he wrote to a friend:— "I took up the translation of the Evening Hymn (four verses for service) into Maori rhyming verse, the first of the kind of the same metre and rhythm as the English. Two hundred and fifty copies have been printed, and sung in church and school by the natives, and several of them came and sang under my window. They call it the 'new hymn of the sick minister.' Bishop Ken's lines ['Glory to Thee, my God, this night'] it is very hard for one to compress within the same bounds in a rude language. However it is done, and people seem pleased with it; and it is a comfort to think one has introduced Bishop Ken's beautiful hymn into the Maori's evening worship, and left them this legacy when I could do no more for them." A life so short and holy could have had no more beautiful ending. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)