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C. H. Dretzel

1697 - 1775 Person Name: Cornelius H. Dretzel, 1697-1775 Topics: Justification; Justification Composer of "O DASS ICH TAUSEND ZUNGEN HÄTTE (DRETZEL)" in Christian Worship (1993) Born: (baptised).September 18, 1697 - Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany Died: May 7, 1755 - Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany The German composer, organist and musicographer, Cornelius Heinrich Dretzel, was a grandson of Georg Dretzel (c1610-after 1676; organist of St Michael, Schwäbisch Hall) and nephew of Valentin, the most important member of the family. A possible student of Johann Pachelbel's eldest son, C.H. Dretzel also studied with J.S. Bach in Weimar in 1716-1717. He appears to have spent his whole life in Nuremberg, his hometown, in various organists' posts: Frauenkirche, St Lorenz (from 1743) and St Sebald. Cornelius Heinrich Dretzel's keyboard counterpoints and fugues were his forte having thoroughly emersed himself in the works of J. S. Bach. His reputation as a virtuoso player and contrapuntist is supported by his solo harpsichord concerto, Harmonische Ergötzung, influenced by J.S. Bach's Italian Concerto (BWV 971). Indeed Harmonische Ergötzung was long thought to be composed by J.S. Bach. An early version of the slow movement was entered into Schmeider as BWV 897:1. C.H. Dretzel's own "divertimenti" were thought to be lost until they were found in a collection that had belonged to Haydn. Of hymnological importance is his collection and commentary Des evangelishen Zions musicalische Harmonie (1731), which contains over 900 melodies, suspended over a continuous bass, most appealing in print for the first time in their local versions; the preface discusses the origin and development of the chorale. --www.bach-cantatas.com/L

Anna Nitschmann

1715 - 1760 Topics: The Order of Salvation Faith and Justification Author of "I thirst, Thou wounded Lamb of God" in Church Book Nitschmann, Anna, daughter of David Nitschmann, cartwright, at Kunewald, near Fulnek, Moravia, was born at Kunewald, Nov. 24, 1715. Her cousin, David Nitschmann (the first Bishop, 1735, of the renewed Brethren's Unity) while on a visit to Kunewald in the beginning of 1725, persuaded her father to remove to Herrnhut, where the family arrived on Feb. 25, 1725. On March 17, 1730, Anna was appointed Unity-Elder, with the care of the unmarried sisters; on May 4, 1730, joined with Anna Dober in founding the Jungfrauenbund (see p. 304, ii.); and in 1733 entered the unmarried sisters' house at Herrnhut. In 1735 she became companion to Zinzendorf s daughter, the Countess Benigna, and accompanied her, in 1737, to England. During the summer of 1740 she went with her own father to America, arriving in Pennsylvania Dec. 5, 1740. After the arrival of Zinzendorf and the Countess Benigna, in 1741, Anna joined with them in work among the Indians. She returned to Germany in 1743. After the death of his first wife on June 19, 1756, Zinzendorf married Anna at Berthelsdorf on June 27, 1757. When on May 5, 1760, Zinzendorf felt his fatal illness, she also succumbed, and after his death, on May 9, gradually sank and died, May 21, 1760, at Herrnhut (Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie xxiii. 709; MS. from Diaconus J. T. Muller, Herrnhut, &c). Her hymns were written 1735-1748; the earlier in Herrnhut, some in Pennsylvania, others from 1743 to 1748. They appeared in the various Appendices to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch of 1735. Only two have passed into use outside of the English Moravian Hymn Book. These are:— i. Ich bin das arme Würmlein dein. Humility. First published as No. 1592 in Appendix x. circa l741 to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch, 1735, in 12 stanzas of 4 lines. When repeated in the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778, No. 851, st. i., 11. 1, 2; iv., 11. 1, 2; ii.; iii.; xii. were selected with alterations, and a stanza by C. Gregor (which begins “Mein Heiland! dass ich ohne dich") was prefixed. The translation in common use is:— My Saviour, that I without Thee. Translated in full by F. W. Foster, from the text of 1778, and given as No. 450 in the Moravian Hymn Book , 1189 (1886, No. 580). Included, omitting st. v., in J. A. Latrobe's Collection, 1841. ii. Mein König, deine Liebe. Christian Work. Appeared as No. 1233 in Appendix vii. circa 1737 to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch, 1735, in 14 st. of 6 1. In the Brüder Gesang-Buch,1778, No. 1355, reduced to 6 stanzas (st. v. in 1778 is by N. L. Zinzendorf). Another translation is: "Thou our exalted first-born Brother." This is a tr. of st. xiv. in the Moravian Hymn Book, pt. ii., 1746, p. 798. In 1754, pt. ii., p. 365, altered to "0 Thou our first-born Brother " (1849, No. 852, st. ii.). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Christian Renatus von Zinzendorf

1727 - 1752 Person Name: Christian Renatus von Zinzendorf, 1727-1752 Topics: The Life in Christ Faith and Justification Author (stanza 1) of "Tis the Most Blest and Needful Part" in Hymnal and Liturgies of the Moravian Church Zinzendorf, Christian Renatus, Count von, second son of Nicolaus Ludwig Ton Zinzendorf, was born Sept. 19, 1727, at Herrnhut, in Saxony. He received his education from his parents, and from Johann Langguth and others of the Brethren. He was the only son that survived his boyhood, early accompanied his father on his journeys, and was, e.g., in 1743, for sixteen days imprisoned with him at Riga. From 1744 to 1750 he lived mostly at Herrenhaag in Wetteravia, ministering specially to the single Brethren. When the community at Herrenhaag was dissolved in 1750, his father summoned him to London. He brought with him the seeds of consumption, which developed in England. He died in London, May 28, 1752 (Koch, v., 312; Hist. Nachricht (to the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778), 1835, p. 192, &c). C. R. von Zinzendorf’s hymns were principally written during his residence in London. They are by no means free from the faults and mannerisms of that sentimental and fantastic period of Moravian hymn-writing; and their range of subjects is very limited. Their burden is a deep and intense personal devotion to the crucified Saviour; the spirit being that of his favourite saying, "I have but one passion, and that is He, only He." They were collected by his father, and published, (with a preface dated March 18,1755), as the first Appendix to the London Gesang-Buch of 1754, with 53 (54) pieces, 9 of which consist of only one stanza, 2nd ed. 1760. Most of them passed into the Brüder Gesang-Buch of 1778. Few have passed into English use in non-Moravian hymnbooks. Three of these hymns may here be referred to:— i. Ach lass auf alien Tritten. Sanctification . Written in 1751. Included in the Kleine Brüder Gesang-Buch, London, 1754. It is No. 64 in the 2nd edition, 1760, of the Appendix of 1755, and repeated as st. ii. of No. 380, in the Brüder Gesang-Buch1778. The translation in common use is:— Lord Jesus, Thy atonement. This is No. 427 in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1849, No. 588), repeated in Bickersteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833. ii. Für uns ging mein Herr in Todesnöthen. Passiontide. This is included as No. 166 in the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778, in 10 stanzas of 8 lines. It is a cento from three hymns in the Appendix of 1755, as above, viz. stanzas 1-5, 8, 9 are stanzas 12-15, 17, 11, 18, of No. 28 (this hymn begins "Ach du unaussprechlich nahes Herze"); stanzas 6, 7 are stanzas 2, 3, of No. 10; while stanza 10 is No. 17. The text of 1778 is in the Berlin Gesitliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 230. The translations in common use is:— My Redeemer, overwhelm'd with anguish. By J. Swertner, in full, from the 1778 text, as No. 78 in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1849, No. 93). The translations of stanzas 1, 2, 6-8, were included in Walker's Collection, Cheltenham, 1855. In the Moravian Hymn Book, 1886, No. 82, it begins with st. vi. "Our enraptured hearts shall ne'er be weary." iii. 0 süsse Seelenweide. Not including the above the English Moravian Hymn Book, 1886, gives seven hymns with his name, and ascribes portions of four others to him. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Matthew Gottfried Hehl

1705 - 1787 Person Name: Bishop Matthew Hehl, 1704-1787 Topics: Faith and Justification Author of "Rise, exalt our Head and King" in Hymnal and Liturgies of the Moravian Church Hehl, Matthäus Gottfried, was born April 30, 1705, at Ebersbach, near Goppingen, Württemberg, and studied at the University of Tubingen (M.A. 1723). He was assistant clergyman in a village near Tubingen when Zinzendorf visited Tubingen in 1733. Thereafter he became a Moravian, was ordained in 1744 a presbyter, and in 1751 was consecrated in London as coadjutor bishop for America. He arrived at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Dec. 10, 1751, and in Nov., 1756, removed to Lititz. On account of advancing years ho resigned his office in 1781, and died at Lititz, Dec. 4, 1787 (Koch, v. 348-349). His hymns were written during his "stay at Herrnhut, and appeared in the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch 1735, and its Appendices. One has passed into English non-Moravian use, viz.:— Geht, erhbht die Majestat. Supplication. This is No. 1054 in Appendix iii. to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch, 1735, in 4 stanzas of 10 lines. In the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778, it is No. 1069, and in the Historische Nachricht thereto stanzas i., ii. are ascribed to Hehl, and iii., iv. to N. L. von Zinzendorf [Zinzendorf stanzas beginning "Lamm und Haupt, das selbst geglaubt," are included by Knapp in his edition, 1845, of Zinzendorf s Geistliche Lieder, p. 218, and dated 1733]. Translated as:— Rise, exalt the Majesty, in full, by P. H. Molther, as No. 116, in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1742, with an added stanza iii. from "Lamm und Haupt! es sey geglaubt," by N. L. von Zinzendorf [No. 1089 in Appendix iv. to the Herrnhut Gesang-Buch, 1735, in 1 stanza of 10 lines, and by Knapp, 1845, p. 121, dated May 26, 1736]. In the 1789 and later editions of the Moravian Hymn Book (1886, No. 768), it is greatly altered, and begins, "Rise, exalt our Head and King." Included in Montgomery's Christian Psalmist, 1825, and J. A. Latrobe's Collection, 1841. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Peter Jonsson Aschan

1726 - 1813 Person Name: Peter Jönsson Aschan, 1726-1813 Topics: Justification Author of "O Let Your Soul Now Be Filled with Gladness" in Ambassador Hymnal

Johann Christoph Rube

1665 - 1746 Topics: Justification and the Resulting Peace Author of "Wohl dem, der sich auf seinen Gott " in Erbauliche Lieder-Sammlung Rube, Johann Christoph, was born Nov. 20, 1665, his father being then pastor at Hohen-und Thal-Ebra, near Sondershausen. After completing his studies in law, and becoming a licentiate, he was appointed judge (Amtmann) at Burggemünden near Alsfeld, and then, about 1704, at Battenberg (both in Hesse-Darmstadt). He died at Battenberg, May 30, 1746. Rube was a most prolific writer of hymns. In the Universal Gesang-Buch published at Homburg in 5 vols., 1738-44, there are, according to the markings by Count Christian Ernst of Weraigerode in his private copy, no less than 536 by Rube. The earliest appeared in Luppius's Andächtig Singender Christen-Mund, Wesel, 1692, and the Geistreiches Gesang-Buch, Darmstadt, 1698…. Many of his hymns are excellent, thoughtful, good in style, and warm in feeling. Of Rube's hymns those which have passed into English are:— i. Der am Kreuz ist was ich meine, Und sonst nichts in aller Welt. Passiontide. The older hymn beginning "Der am Kreuz ist meine Liebe, Meine Lieb ist Jesus Christ" is first found in Ahasuerus Fritsch's Jesus-Lieder, 1668, No. 21, and is probably by Fritsch. It is quite different from Rube's hymn and has not been tr. into English. The translations from Rube are (1) "Him on yonder cross I love," by Miss Winkworth, 1858, p. 33, repeated in Schaff's Christ in Song, 1869, p. 189. (2) "More than all the world beside," by R. Massie in his Lyra Domestica, 1864, p. 122, and thence in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. ii. Der Herr bricht ein zu Mitternacht. Second Advent. Sometimes erroneously ascribed to N. L. von Zinzendorf. Translated as:— The Lord shall come in dead of night. iii. Schlaf sanft und wohl! schlaf liebes Kind. Cradle Hymn…It is worthy of attention as being one of the finest hymns of its class. Tr. as:— Sleep well, my Dear! sleep safe and free! [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --exerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Justus Gesenius

1601 - 1673 Person Name: Justus Gesenius, 1601-73 Topics: Justification Author of "When over Sin I Sorrow" in Lutheran Worship Gesenius, Justus, D.D., son of Joachim Gesenius, pastor at Esbeck, near Lauenstein, Hannover; was born at Esbeck, July 6, 1601. He studied at the Universities of Helmstedt and Jena, graduating M.A at Jena in 1628. In 1629 he became pastor of St. Magnus's Church, Brunswick; in 1636 court chaplain and preacher at the Cathedral in Hildesheim; and in 1642 chief court preacher, consistorialrath, and general superintendent at Hannover. He died at Hannover, Sept. 18, 1673 (Koch, iii 230-237; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, ix. 87-88; Bode, p. 76, &c). Gesenius was an accomplished and influential theologian, a famous preacher, and distinguished himself by his efforts to further the catechetical instruction of the children of his district. Along with D. Denicke (q.v.) he edited the Hannoverian hymnbooks of 1646-1660. Both he and Denicke aimed at reducing the older German hymns to correctness of style according to the poetical canons of Martin Opitz; not so much interfering with the theology or making the authors speak a terminology foreign to them. Consequently their recasts, while setting a bad example, and while often destroying much of the force and freshness of the originals, were not by any means so objectionable as the recasts of the Rationalistic period, and moreover were soon widely accepted. As no authors' names are given in the Hannoverian hymnbooks, it is difficult to assign the authorship of the new hymns and recasts therein contained. The following is generally, and apparently with reason, ascribed to Gesenius: Wenn meine Sünd' mich kränken. Passiontide. His finest hymn as regards depth, warmth, and finish. First published in the Hannover Gesang-Buch 1646, No. 49, in 8 stanzas of 7 lines. It has been called a recast of the hymn "Hilf Gott, dass mir gelinge," but bears not the slightest resemblance to it. Included in Crüger's Praxis, 1656, and many later collections, as the Berlin Geistliche Lieder S., ed. 1863, No. 277. By a not unjust retribution it was soon recast, and appeared in the Lüneburg Gesang-Buch, 1661, as "Wenn mich die Sunden kränken." Translated as:— 1. When guilt and shame are raising. In full, by J. C. Jacobi, in pt. ii., 1725, of his Psalter Germanica, p. 4 (1732, p. 34). In the Moravian HymnBook of 1789, No. 106, it is altered to “O Lord, when condemnation"; and in the edition 1886, it begins with st. v., "Lord, let Thy bitter passion." A cento of stanzas ii., iii., v., from the Moravian Hymn Book, 1801, was adopted by Montgomery in his Christian Psalmist, 1825, beginning, "O wonder far exceeding," and this is in the New Zealand Hymnal. 1872. 2. 0 Lord, when my sins grieve me. A good translation of stanzas i., ii., iv., v., by A. T. Russell, as No. 81 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. 3. When sorrow and remorse. In full, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855, p. 74. A cento consisting of lines 1-4 of stanzas i., iv.—vi., and of stanza vii., rewritten to S.M., is in the Pennsylvanian Lutheran Church Book, 1868. 4. 0 Lord, when condemnation. A full and good translation, included as No. 84 in the 1857 ed. of Mercer's The Church Psalter and Hymnbook. Probably by Mr. Mercer, but mainly taken from the Moravian Hymnbook, 1789, and from Miss Winkworth. Repeated, abridged, in his Oxford ed., 1864, No. 149, and in the Toronto HymnBook, 1862. 5. When o'er my sins I sorrow. A good translation, based on her 1855 version, and omitting stanzas ii.—iv., by Miss Winkworth, as No. 48 in her Chorale Book for England, 1863. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Anders C. Rutström

1721 - 1772 Person Name: Andreas Carl Rutström, 1721-1772 Topics: Faith and Justification Author of "Pray, Tell me, How Cam'st Thou so Easily in" in Hymnal and Order of Service Also Andreas Rutström. Rutström, Anders Carl. (Rutvik, Sweden, November 30, 1721--October 27, 1772). Lutheran. University of Uppsala. Ordained 1745. University of Griefswald, Th.D. 1756. Pastorates at Storkyrkan (cathedral church), Stockholm (assistant curate) 1745-1756; Hedvig Eleanora Church, Stockholm, 1758-1765. Arrested for his Calvinistic and Herrnhut tendencies. Died in prison. Wrote many hymn texts which were published after his death by his friends as Sions Nya Sånger, 1778. This collection was widely used among the pietists for almost a century. Author of "Lammets folk och Sions fränder" (Chosen Seed and Zion's Children) and "Kom huldaste förbarmare" (O Savior, Thou Who for Us Died). --J. Irving Erickson, DNAH Archives

J. H. Schrader

Topics: Faith and Justification Author of "Sinners May To Christ Draw Near" in Hymnal for Church and Home

Thomas Raffles

1788 - 1863 Topics: Faith Justification by Author of "Lord, like the Publican I Stand" in Trinity Hymnal (Rev. ed.) Thomas Raffles was born in London in 1788. He studied at Homerton College, and in 1809 became pastor of a Congregational society at Hammersmith. In 1812, he removed to Liverpool, where he was minister in the Great George Street chapel. This position he held for forty-nine years. He died at Liverpool, in 1863. He published several sermons, letters of travel, poems, and hymns for the use of his congregation. --Annotations of the Hymnal, Charles Hutchins, M.A. 1872. ======================= Raffles, Thomas, D.D., LL.D., son of Mr. W. Raffles, solicitor, was born in Princes Street, Spitalfields, London, May 17, 1788. In 1803 he became a clerk in Doctors' Commons, but shortly after retired, and through the influence of Dr. Collyer, of whose church at Peckham he was for some time a member, he entered Homerton College in 1805. His stated ministry began at Hammersmith, where he was ordained as a Congregational minister on June 22, 1809. In 1812 he removed to Liverpool, where he succeeded the Rev. T. Spencer, and remained for 49 years the honoured pastor of the Great George Street Congregational Church. He died at Liverpool, Aug. 18, 1863. For upwards of fifty years Dr. Raffles was one of the most prominent ministers of the Congregational body. His labours outside of his own congregation were very great, his aid as a preacher on behalf of missions and other religious works, being eagerly sought after. The Lancashire Inde-pendent College owes its existence mainly to him; and to many religious works in Liverpool he gave great personal attention. His degree of LL.D. was conferred by the University of Aberdeen in Dec. 1820, and that of D.D. by Union College, Connecticut, in July 1880. His works include Memoirs of the Life and Ministry of the Rev. Thomas Spencer, 1813; A Tour on the Continent, 1817; and several Sermons, &c. He also edited the 1815 edition of Brown's Self-Interpreting Bible; was joint author with J. B. Brown and J. H. Wiffen, of Poems by Three Friends; and joint editor with Dr. Collyer and Dr. J. B. Brown, of the Investigator, a London quarterly. As early as March 8, 1813, he says, in a letter to his friend, Mr. Brown, "I am about to put to press a collection of hymns for the use of my chapel:" but this intention was not carried out until 1853, when he published his Supplement to Dr. Watts's Psalms & Hymns. His son's history of this Supplement is:— "Early in January, 1853, he published his long-expected Supplement to Dr. Watts's Psalms and Hymns, which he had in hand for many years. He would never have published it at all, but, in common with other Independent Ministers, would have used the Congregational Hymn-book [J. Conder's 1836 and 1842] had that book contained a fair share of his own hymns. In its original form, however, it did not contain one [yes, one, but given as Anonymous]; and Dr. Raffles might, without vanity—seeing that numerous hymn-books of modern date contained one or more of his hymns—-have expected that they would not have been wholly omitted from the hymn-book emphatically of his own denomination. But so it was, and he never would introduce it, though, with the greatest readiness, when the improved edition was contemplated [theNew Congregational Hymn Book, 1859], under the editorship of the Rev. Dr. Gr. Smith, Dr. Raffles contributed some of his hymns to its pages. His own collection is very good, but limited in extent; the hymns are selected with considerable Judgment; and the true versions, as written by the respective authors, are given, wherever the original source could be reached."— Memoirs, 1864, p. 419. Dr. Raffles contributed, in 1812, eight hymns under the signature "T. B." to the Collection of his old friend and former pastor, Dr. Collyer. Gradually other hymns came into notice. These, with others to the number of 46, were included in his Supplement, 1853. His hymns at present in common use include:— 1. Blest hour, when mortal man retiresPrayer. In the "R. MS." this is headed "The Hour of Prayer," and at the foot is written by Dr. Raffles, “Printed in the Amulet for 1829, and thence copied into the Christian Observer." It is dated " Jany. 26,1823," and is in 6 stanzas of 4 lines. 2. Cause of all causes, and the Source. Hymn to the Deity. Contributed to Dr. Collyer's Collection, 1812, No. 914, in 5 st. of 6 1. 3. Come, heavenly peace of mind. Peace of Mind. Pub..in Collyer's Collection, 1812, No. 915, in 3 st. of 10 1. In the "R. MS." this, in a revised and expanded form of 10 stanzas of 6 lines, is undated; but underneath Dr. Raffles has written "Printed in the American Xtian Keepsake for 1838." 4. Eternal Father, throned above. Doxology. In the "R.MS." this is in 1 st. of 8 1., and headed "Doxology." It is undated, and underneath is written by Dr. Raffles at a later date (the change in the ink proving this) "Published anonymously in the Congregational Hymn Book," i.e., J. Conder's 1836 and 1842. 5. Father of mercies, God of love, 0 hear a humble, &c. Lent. Appeared in Collyer's Collection, 1812, No. 909, in 6 st. of 6 1., and headed "The Penitent's Prayer." 6. Go, preach the Gospel to the poor Home Missions. In the "R.MS." in 7 st. of 4 1., headed "To the Agents of the Liverpool town mission," and dated "May 1849." At the foot is written "Printed at the Printing Office of the Liverpool Town Mission Bazaar, Lycaeum, Bold Street." 7. High in yonder realms of light. Heaven. Contributed to Collyer's Collection, 1812, No. 911, in 6 st. of 8 1. It was sung at Dr. Raffles's funeral, Aug. 24, 1863. It is the most widely known of his hymns, but is usually given in an abbreviated form. 8. Lord, like a publican I stand. Lent. Dated in the "R.MS." "Seacombe, Oct. 4th, 1831," and headed, “The Publican, Luke xviii. 13." It is in 5 st. of 4 1., and is in several collections. 9. No night shall be in heaven! No gathering gloom. Heaven. In 8 st. of 4 double lines, headed “And there shall be no night there," Rev. xxii. 5, and dated " April 4, 1857." ("R.MS.") 10. 0 God of families, we own. Family Worship. In the "R.MS." in 5 st. of 4 1., entitled "The God of the families of Israel," and dated, "Jany. 15th, 1823." It appeared in the New Song, 1859. 11. Rapid flows the stream of tune. New Year. The last but one of his New Year's hymns, in 6 st. of 8 1., entitled "Hymn for New Year's Morning," and dated, "Jany. 1st, 1861." ("R.MS.") 12. Saviour, let Thy sanction rest. Holy Matrimony. In the “R. MS." in 6 st. of 6 1. entitled “The Marriage Feast," and dated "November 3rd, 1852. On occasion of the marriage of the Rev. J. F. and Mrs. Guenett." Included in the New Congregational Hymn Book, 1859, with the omission of st. v., vi. 13. Sovereign Ruler, Lord of all. Lent. No. 813 in Collyer's Collection, 1812, in 6 st. of 4 1. 14. The cup which my Father hath given. In Affliction. In the “R.MS." in 2 st. of 8 1., but without date. In theMemoirs. 1864, p. 272, the history of the hymn from Dr. Raffles's Diary is this :— "Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 16th [Oct., 1828.] I preached to an immense congregation last night at Nottingham, and slept at Mr. Gilbert's. Mr. Rawson [of Nottingham Castle], a fine young man, and but recently married, has broken a blood-vessel, and with his wife and mother, and father and sister, set out yesterday for Devonshire, to pass the winter. Mrs. Rawson sent me her album, and begged me to insert something appropriate. As I dressed in the morning I composed the following lines, which I sent her just before they set out: ‘The cup, &c.'" Mrs. Rawson, soon left a widow, resided at Wincobank Hall, near Sheffield, nearly 60 years, and died there in 1887. 15. Thou art my Hiding-place, 0 Lord. The Hiding-place. In the "R.MS." in 4 st. of 8 1., and dated “Burnley, June 23rd, 1833." 16. What is life? A rapid stream. Life. In the “R.MS." in 6 st. of 4 1., and dated in pencil 1838. At the foot is written by Dr. Raffles "Originally published in the Investigator, and, anonymously, in Affection's Gift, a poetical selection published by Simpkin and Marshall, Hamilton, &c, London." The "Raffles MS.," from which we have annotated these hymns, was kindly lent by Mr. T. S. Raffles, B.A., Stipendiary Magistrate of Liverpool. Mr. Raffles is the author of his father's Memoirs, 1864, and of hymn 25 in his father's Supplement. Dr. Raffles's original Hymns were published in 1868, with a Preface by J. Baldwin Brown. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)