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Michael Haydn

1737 - 1806 Person Name: Johann Michael Haydn, 1737-1806 Composer of "GREENLAND (Haydn)" in The Cyber Hymnal Johann Michael Haydn Austria 1737-1806. Born at Rohrau, Austria, the son of a wheelwright and town mayor (a very religious man who also played the harp and was a great influence on his sons' religious thinking), and the younger brother of Franz Joseph Haydn, he became a choirboy in his youth at the Cathedral of St. Stephen in Vienna, as did his brother, Joseph, an exceptional singer. For that reason boys both were taken into the church choir. Michael was a brighter student than Joseph, but was expelled from music school when his voice broke at age 17. The brothers remained close all their lives, and Joseph regarded Michael's religious works superior to his own. Michael played harpsichord, violin, and organ, earning a precarious living as a freelance musician in his early years. In 1757 he became kapellmeister to Archbishop, Sigismund of Grosswardein, in Hungary, and in 1762 concertmaster to Archbishop, Hieronymous of Salzburg, where he remained the rest of his life (over 40 years), also assuming the duties of organist at the Church of St. Peter in Salzburg, presided over by the Benedictines. He also taught violin at the court. He married the court singer, Maria Magdalena Lipp in 1768, daughter of the cathedral choir-master, who was a very pious women, and had such an affect on her husband, trending his inertia and slothfulness into wonderful activity. They had one daughter, Aloysia Josepha, in 1770, but she died within a year. He succeeded Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, an intimate friend, as cathedral organist in 1781. He also taught music to Carl Maria von Weber. His musical reputation was not recognized fully until after World War II. He was a prolific composer of music, considered better than his well-known brother at composing religious works. He produced some 43 symphonies,12 concertos, 21 serenades, 6 quintets, 19 quartets, 10 trio sonatas, 4 due sonatas, 2 solo sonatas, 19 keyboard compositions, 3 ballets, 15 collections of minuets (English and German dances), 15 marches and miscellaneous secular music. He is best known for his religious works (well over 400 pieces), which include 47 antiphons, 5 cantatas, 65 canticles, 130 graduals, 16 hymns, 47 masses, 7 motets, 65 offertories, 7 oratorios, 19 Psalms settings, 2 requiems, and 42 other compositions. He also composed 253 secular vocals of various types. He did not like seeing his works in print, and kept most in manuscript form. He never compiled or cataloged his works, but others did it later, after his death. Lothar Perger catalogued his orchestral works in 1807 and Nikolaus Lang did a biographical sketch in 1808. In 1815 Anton Maria Klafsky cataloged his sacred music. More complete cataloging has been done in the 1980s and 1990s by Charles H Sherman and T Donley Thomas. Several of Michael Haydn's works influenced Mozart. Haydn died at Salzburg, Austria. John Perry

Lowell Mason

1792 - 1872 Composer of "MISSIONARY HYMN" in Missionary Songs Dr. Lowell Mason (the degree was conferred by the University of New York) is justly called the father of American church music; and by his labors were founded the germinating principles of national musical intelligence and knowledge, which afforded a soil upon which all higher musical culture has been founded. To him we owe some of our best ideas in religious church music, elementary musical education, music in the schools, the popularization of classical chorus singing, and the art of teaching music upon the Inductive or Pestalozzian plan. More than that, we owe him no small share of the respect which the profession of music enjoys at the present time as contrasted with the contempt in which it was held a century or more ago. In fact, the entire art of music, as now understood and practiced in America, has derived advantage from the work of this great man. Lowell Mason was born in Medfield, Mass., January 8, 1792. From childhood he had manifested an intense love for music, and had devoted all his spare time and effort to improving himself according to such opportunities as were available to him. At the age of twenty he found himself filling a clerkship in a banking house in Savannah, Ga. Here he lost no opportunity of gratifying his passion for musical advancement, and was fortunate to meet for the first time a thoroughly qualified instructor, in the person of F. L. Abel. Applying his spare hours assiduously to the cultivation of the pursuit to which his passion inclined him, he soon acquired a proficiency that enabled him to enter the field of original composition, and his first work of this kind was embodied in the compilation of a collection of church music, which contained many of his own compositions. The manuscript was offered unavailingly to publishers in Philadelphia and in Boston. Fortunately for our musical advancement it finally secured the attention of the Boston Handel and Haydn Society, and by its committee was submitted to Dr. G. K. Jackson, the severest critic in Boston. Dr. Jackson approved most heartily of the work, and added a few of his own compositions to it. Thus enlarged, it was finally published in 1822 as The Handel and Haydn Society Collection of Church Music. Mason's name was omitted from the publication at his own request, which he thus explains, "I was then a bank officer in Savannah, and did not wish to be known as a musical man, as I had not the least thought of ever making music a profession." President Winchester, of the Handel and Haydn Society, sold the copyright for the young man. Mr. Mason went back to Savannah with probably $500 in his pocket as the preliminary result of his Boston visit. The book soon sprang into universal popularity, being at once adopted by the singing schools of New England, and through this means entering into the church choirs, to whom it opened up a higher field of harmonic beauty. Its career of success ran through some seventeen editions. On realizing this success, Mason determined to accept an invitation to come to Boston and enter upon a musical career. This was in 1826. He was made an honorary member of the Handel and Haydn Society, but declined to accept this, and entered the ranks as an active member. He had been invited to come to Boston by President Winchester and other musical friends and was guaranteed an income of $2,000 a year. He was also appointed, by the influence of these friends, director of music at the Hanover, Green, and Park Street churches, to alternate six months with each congregation. Finally he made a permanent arrangement with the Bowdoin Street Church, and gave up the guarantee, but again friendly influence stepped in and procured for him the position of teller at the American Bank. In 1827 Lowell Mason became president and conductor of the Handel and Haydn Society. It was the beginning of a career that was to win for him as has been already stated the title of "The Father of American Church Music." Although this may seem rather a bold claim it is not too much under the circumstances. Mr. Mason might have been in the average ranks of musicianship had he lived in Europe; in America he was well in advance of his surroundings. It was not too high praise (in spite of Mason's very simple style) when Dr. Jackson wrote of his song collection: "It is much the best book I have seen published in this country, and I do not hesitate to give it my most decided approbation," or that the great contrapuntist, Hauptmann, should say the harmonies of the tunes were dignified and churchlike and that the counterpoint was good, plain, singable and melodious. Charles C. Perkins gives a few of the reasons why Lowell Mason was the very man to lead American music as it then existed. He says, "First and foremost, he was not so very much superior to the members as to be unreasonably impatient at their shortcomings. Second, he was a born teacher, who, by hard work, had fitted himself to give instruction in singing. Third, he was one of themselves, a plain, self-made man, who could understand them and be understood of them." The personality of Dr. Mason was of great use to the art and appreciation of music in this country. He was of strong mind, dignified manners, sensitive, yet sweet and engaging. Prof. Horace Mann, one of the great educators of that day, said he would walk fifty miles to see and hear Mr. Mason teach if he could not otherwise have that advantage. Dr. Mason visited a number of the music schools in Europe, studied their methods, and incorporated the best things in his own work. He founded the Boston Academy of Music. The aim of this institution was to reach the masses and introduce music into the public schools. Dr. Mason resided in Boston from 1826 to 1851, when he removed to New York. Not only Boston benefited directly by this enthusiastic teacher's instruction, but he was constantly traveling to other societies in distant cities and helping their work. He had a notable class at North Reading, Mass., and he went in his later years as far as Rochester, where he trained a chorus of five hundred voices, many of them teachers, and some of them coming long distances to study under him. Before 1810 he had developed his idea of "Teachers' Conventions," and, as in these he had representatives from different states, he made musical missionaries for almost the entire country. He left behind him no less than fifty volumes of musical collections, instruction books, and manuals. As a composer of solid, enduring church music. Dr. Mason was one of the most successful this country has introduced. He was a deeply pious man, and was a communicant of the Presbyterian Church. Dr. Mason in 1817 married Miss Abigail Gregory, of Leesborough, Mass. The family consisted of four sons, Daniel Gregory, Lowell, William and Henry. The two former founded the publishing house of Mason Bros., dissolved by the death of the former in 1869. Lowell and Henry were the founders of the great organ manufacturer of Mason & Hamlin. Dr. William Mason was one of the most eminent musicians that America has yet produced. Dr. Lowell Mason died at "Silverspring," a beautiful residence on the side of Orange Mountain, New Jersey, August 11, 1872, bequeathing his great musical library, much of which had been collected abroad, to Yale College. --Hall, J. H. (c1914). Biography of Gospel Song and Hymn Writers. New York: Fleming H. Revell Company.

George James Webb

1803 - 1887 Composer of "WEBB" in Sacred Hymns and Tunes George James Webb, b. 1803,England; d. 1887, Orange, N. J. Evangelical Lutheran Hymnal, 1908

Edmund S. Lorenz

1854 - 1942 Person Name: E. S. Lorenz Composer of "DILLENBURG" in The Otterbein Hymnal Pseudonymns: John D. Cresswell, L. S. Edwards, E. D. Mund, ==================== Lorenz, Edmund Simon. (North Lawrence, Stark County, Ohio, July 13, 1854--July 10, 1942, Dayton, Ohio). Son of Edward Lorenz, a German-born shoemaker who turned preacher, served German immigrants in northwestern Ohio, and was editor of the church paper, Froehliche Botschafter, 1894-1900. Edmund graduated from Toledo High School in 1870, taught German, and was made a school principal at a salary of $20 per week. At age 19, he moved to Dayton to become the music editor for the United Brethren Publishing House. He graduated from Otterbein College (B.A.) in 1880, studied at Union Biblical Seminary, 1878-1881, then went to Yale Divinity School where he graduated (B.D.) in 1883. He then spent a year studying theology in Leipzig, Germany. He was ordained by the Miami [Ohio] Conference of the United Brethren in Christ in 1877. The following year, he married Florence Kumler, with whom he had five children. Upon his return to the United States, he served as pastor of the High Street United Brethren Church in Dayton, 1884-1886, and then as president of Lebanon Valley College, 1887-1889. Ill health led him to resign his presidency. In 1890 he founded the Lorenz Publishing Company of Dayton, to which he devoted the remainder of his life. For their catalog, he wrote hymns, and composed many gospel songs, anthems, and cantatas, occasionally using pseudonyms such as E.D. Mund, Anna Chichester, and G.M. Dodge. He edited three of the Lorenz choir magazines, The Choir Leader, The Choir Herald, and Kirchenchor. Prominent among the many song-books and hymnals which he compiled and edited were those for his church: Hymns for the Sanctuary and Social Worship (1874), Pilgerlieder (1878), Songs of Grace (1879), The Otterbein Hymnal (1890), and The Church Hymnal (1934). For pastors and church musicians, he wrote several books stressing hymnody: Practical Church Music (1909), Church Music (1923), Music in Work and Worship (1925), and The Singing Church (1938). In 1936, Otterbein College awarded him the honorary D.Mus. degree and Lebanon Valley College the honorary LL.D. degree. --Information from granddaughter Ellen Jane Lorenz Porter, DNAH Archives

Timothy R. Matthews

1826 - 1910 Person Name: T. R. Matthews Composer of "[How beauteous on the mountains]" in Unity Song Selections Timothy Richard Matthews MusB United Kingdom 1826-1910. Born at Colmworth, England, son of the Colmworth rector, he attended the Bedford and Gonville Schools and Caius College, Cambridge. In 1853 he became a private tutor to the family of Rev Lord Wriothesley Russell, a canon of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle, where he studied under organist, George Elvey, subsequently a lifelong friend. He married Margaret Mary Thompson, and they had 11 children: Norton, Mary, George, Cecil, Evelyn, Eleanor, Anne, Arthur, Wilfred, Stephen, and John. Matthews served as Curate and Curate-in-Charge of St Mary’s Church, Nottingham (1853-1869). While there, he founded the Nottingham Working Men’s Institute. He became Rector at North Coates, Lincolnshire (1869-1907). He retired in 1907 to live with his eldest son, Norton, at Tetney vicarage. He edited the “North Coates supplemental tune book” and “Village organist”. An author, arranger, and editor, he composed morning and evening services, chants, and responses, earning a reputation for simple but effective hymn tunes, writing 100+. On a request he wrote six tunes for a children’s hymnal in one day. He composed a Christmas carol and a few songs. His sons, Norton, and Arthur, were also known as hymn tune composers. He died at Tetney, Lincolnshire, England. John Perry

Benjamin Gough

1805 - 1877 Author of "How Beauteous on the Mountains" in The Cyber Hymnal Gough, Benjamin, was born at Southborough, Kent, in 1805, and died Nov. 28,1877. He was engaged in mercantile pursuits in London for some years. After retiring from business he resided at Mountfield, Faversham. He was a member and lay preacher of the Wesleyan denomination. His poetical works include:— (1) Lyra Sabbatica, Lon., 1865; (2) Kentish Lyrics, London, 1867; (3) Hymns of Prayer and Praise, London, 1875; and several minor publications, the most important being (4) Protestant Hymns & Songs for the Million, Lon., 1878; (5) Songs from the Woodlands, and Other Poems, Lon., 1872; and (6) Christmas Carols and New Year's Songs, Lon. (n.d.). Of Mr. Gough's hymns, about 20 are in common use in Great Britain and America, and of these the most popular and widely used is "Awake, awake, O Zion," q.v. Although possessing many features of popularity, his hymns do not rank high as literary productions. His works are also marred by numerous and feeble imitations of the great lyrics of the Church. Many of his earlier hymns were rewritten for his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, very much to their disadvantage. In addition to those which are annotated under their first lines the following are in common use:— 1. Be thou faithful unto death. Faithfulness. Appeared in his Lyra Sabbatica, &c, 1865, p. 77, in 3 stanzas of 8 lines, and entitled "Christian Fidelity." In 1867 it was transferred to the People's Hymnal, and again, in 1875, to the New Mitre-Hymnal, No. 151. 2. Blessed are the dead who die. Burial. Appeared in his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 89, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines and headed "For the dead in Christ." In Hatfield's Church Hymn Book, N. Y., 1872, it is slightly altered. 3. Christ is risen from the dead. Easter. In Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 96, in 6 stanzas of 8 lines, as "An Easter Carol;" but in his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 49, this is changed to "An Easter Hymn." In the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, stanzas iv., v. are omitted. 4. Come, children, and join with ardour divine. Missions. In his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 159, in 9 stanzas of 3 lines, and entitled, "Children's Missionary Hymn" and the Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, No. 39, in 4 stanzas of 6 lines. In the latter work it is rewritten, very much to its disadvantage. The 1865 text is followed in the Methodist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1879, No. 562. 5. Come to Bethlehem and see. Christmas. Appeared in his Christmas Carols, &c, n.d., p. 21, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines. In the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, No. 26, it is dated 1873. 6. For all the [Thy] saints in heaven and earth. All Saints. From his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 119, in stanzas of 8 lines into Snepp's Songs of Grace & Glory, 1872, No. 148. 7. God the Father, full of grace. Holy Trinity, or Public Worship. Appeared in his Kentish Lyrics, 1867, p. 97, in 4 stanzas of 6 lines; and rewritten in a far less acceptable form, in his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 80, in 4 stanzas of 6 lines. No. 8 in the Methodist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1879, is from the 1867 text. 8. Ho, every one that thirsteth. Invitation. Published in his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 83, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines; and, altered to its disadvantage, in his Hymns of Prayer & Praise. 1875, p. 33, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines. No. 291 in Methodist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1879 is from the 1865 text. 9. How beauteous on the mountains. Missions. In Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 23, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines; and his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 20. In Hatfield's Church Hymn Book, N. Y., 1872, No. 1246, is composed of stanzas i.-iii. 10. In Thy temple we adore Thee, gentle, pure, and holy Child. Christmas. In his Christmas Carols, &c, n.d., p. 39, in 3 stanzas of 4 double lines. In the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, No. 30, it is dated 1873, and begins, “In Thy cradle we adore Thee." 11. Jesus, full of love divine. Love of Jesus. Written in 1874, and published in the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, No. 84. 12. Lift the gospel banner. Missions. This is attributed to B. Gough, on the authority of Mrs. Gough. It is not in his published works, and its first appearance is unknown. In the Methodist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1879, No. 394, it is in 4 stanzas of 8 lines. 13. 0 Jesus, behold the lambs of Thy fold. Sunday. From his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 103, in 9 stanzas of 3 lines into the Methodist Sunday School Hymn Book, 1879, No. 511, with the omission of stanza ii. 14. Quicken, Lord, Thy Church and me. Whitsuntide. Appeared in his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 16, in 6 stanzas of 6 lines; and in his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 6; and headed "For another Pentecost." It is No. 363, in Snepp's Songs of Grace & Glory, 1872. 15. Sing we merrily to God. Praise. Appeared in his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 65, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines, and his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 27. In the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, No. 138, st. iii. is omitted. 16. There is a land of rest. Heaven. From his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 105, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines into the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, No. 155, where it is appointed for St. Mark's Day. 17. There is no condemnation. Peace. In his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 25, and his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 22, in 3 stanzas of 8 lines, and headed "No Condemnation." In Snepp's Songs of Grace & Glory, 1872, it is No. 682. 18. Uplift the blood-red banner. Missions. In his Lyra Sabbatica, 1865, p. 155, and his Hymns of Prayer & Praise, 1875, p. 37, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines, and headed “For the Conversion of the World." It is No. 408 in the People's Hymnal, 1867; No. 88 in the New Mitre-Hymnal, 1875, &c. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)