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Melchior Vulpius
1570 - 1615 Person Name: M. Vulpius, c. 1560-1615 Composer of "JESU KREUZ, LEIDEN UND PEIN" in Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary Born into a poor family named Fuchs, Melchior Vulpius (b. Wasungen, Henneberg, Germany, c. 1570; d. Weimar, Germany, 1615) had only limited educational opportunities and did not attend the university. He taught Latin in the school in Schleusingen, where he Latinized his surname, and from 1596 until his death served as a Lutheran cantor and teacher in Weimar. A distinguished composer, Vulpius wrote a St. Matthew Passion (1613), nearly two hundred motets in German and Latin, and over four hundred hymn tunes, many of which became popular in Lutheran churches, and some of which introduced the lively Italian balletto rhythms into the German hymn tunes. His music was published in Cantiones Sacrae (1602, 1604), Kirchengesangund Geistliche Lieder (1604, enlarged as Ein schon geistlich Gesanglmch, 1609), and posthumously in Cantionale Sacrum (1646).
Bert Polman
Melchior Vulpius
Sigmund von Birken
1626 - 1681 Person Name: S. von Birken, c. 1611-1675 Author of "Jesus, I Will Ponder Now" in Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary Birken, Sigismund von, son of Daniel Betulius or Birken, pastor at Wildstein, near Eger, in Bohemia, was born at Wildstein, May 5, 1626. In 1629 his father, along with other Evangelical pastors, was forced to flee from Bohemia, and went to Nürnberg. After passing through the Egidien-Gymnasium at Nürnberg Sigismund entered the University of Jena, in 1643, and there studied both Law and Theology, the latter at his father's dying request. Before completing his course in either he returned to Nürnberg, in 1645, and on account of his poetical gifts was there admitted a member of the Pegnitz Shepherd and Flower Order. At the close of 1645 he was appointed tutor at Wolfenbiittel to the Princes of Brunswick-Luneburg, but after a year (during which he was crowned as a poet), he resigned this post. After a tour, during which he was admitted by Philipp v. Zesen as a member of the German Society (or Patriotic Union), he returned to Nürnberg in 1648, and employed himself as a private tutor. In 1654 he was ennobled on account of his poetic gifts by the Emperor Ferdinand III., was admitted in 1658 as a member of the Fruitbearing Society, and on the death of Harsdörffer, in 1662; became Chief Shepherd of the Pegnitz Order, to which from that time he imparted a distinctly religious cast. He died at Nürnberg, June 12, 1681. (Koch, iii. 478-485; Allgemeine Deutsche Biog., ii. 660; Bode, pp. 44-46; the first dating his death, July, and the last dating his birth, April 25). In his 52 hymns he was not able to shake off the artificial influences of the time, and not many of them have retained a place in German common use. Three have been translated into English:—
i. Auf, auf, mein Herz und du mein ganzer Sinn, Wirf alles heut. [Sunday.] First published (not in 1661, but) in Saubert's Gesang-Buch, Nürnberg, 1076, No. 329, in 10 stanzas. Translated as:—
(1) "Arouse thee up! my Heart, my Thought, my Mind," by H. J. Buckoll, 1842, p. 10. (2) "Awake! awake!—to holy thought aspire," by Dr. H. Mills, 1856.
ii. Jesu, deine Passion. [ Passiontide.] His finest hymn, first published in Saubert's Gesang-Buch, Nürnberg, 1676, No. 83, in 6 stanzas of 8 lines, and included as No. 240 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder ed., 1863. It did not appear in 1653. Translated as:—
Jesu! be Thy suffering love. A good translation of stanzas i.-iv., by A. T. Russell, as No. 87 in his Psalms and Hymns, 1851. Another translation is:—
"Jesus, on Thy dying love," by W. Reid, in the British Herald, March, 1865, p. 46, repeated in his Praise Book, 1872, No. 435.
iii. Lasset uns mit Jesu ziehen. [Passiontide .] First published in J. M. Dilherr's Heilige Karwochen, Nürnberg, 1653, p. 412, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines. Included as No. 250 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. The only translation in common use is:—
Let us hence, on high ascending . Good and full, by A. T. Russell, as No. 184 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. His translations of stanzas iii., iv., were adopted and altered to "Let us now with Christ be dying," as No. 635 in Kennedy, 1863. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.]
-- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)
Sigmund von Birken
August Crull
1845 - 1923 Person Name: A. Crull, 1845-1923 Translator of "Jesus, I Will Ponder Now" in Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary August Crull was born January 27, 1845 in Rostock, Germany, where his father, Hofrat Crull, was a lawyer. He was educated at the Gymnasium in Rostock, and at Concordia College in St. Louis and Fort Wayne where he graduated in 1862. His father died soon after he began studying at the Gymnasium. His mother then married Albert Friedrich Hoppe, who later became the editor of the St. Louis edition of Luther's Works. In 1865, Crull graduated from Concordia Seminary in St. Louis. He became assistant pastor at Trinity Church in Milwaukee and also served as Director of the Lutheran High School. Later he was pastor of the Lutheran Church in Grand Rapids, Michigan. From 1873 to 1915, he was professor of the German language and literature at Concordia College in Fort Wayne, Indiana. After his retirement he returned to Milwaukee, where he died on February 17, 1923. His first wife and three of his four children preceded him in death. His second wife, Katharina John, survived him by many years.
Crull was a distinguished hymnologist and translated many hymns that appeared in several Lutheran hymnals. He published a German grammar and edited a book of devotions, Das walte Gott, based on the writings of Dr. C.F.W. Walther. His project of translating Lutheran hymns so they would be accessible to American Lutherans bore its first fruits when he published a book of English hymns at the Norwegian Synod publishers in Decorah, in 1877.
--www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com/
August Crull
