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Johann Sebastian Bach
1685 - 1750 Person Name: Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750 Harmonizer of "EISENACH" in The Cyber Hymnal Johann Sebastian Bach was born at Eisenach into a musical family and in a town steeped in Reformation history, he received early musical training from his father and older brother, and elementary education in the classical school Luther had earlier attended.
Throughout his life he made extraordinary efforts to learn from other musicians. At 15 he walked to Lüneburg to work as a chorister and study at the convent school of St. Michael. From there he walked 30 miles to Hamburg to hear Johann Reinken, and 60 miles to Celle to become familiar with French composition and performance traditions. Once he obtained a month's leave from his job to hear Buxtehude, but stayed nearly four months. He arranged compositions from Vivaldi and other Italian masters. His own compositions spanned almost every musical form then known (Opera was the notable exception).
In his own time, Bach was highly regarded as organist and teacher, his compositions being circulated as models of contrapuntal technique. Four of his children achieved careers as composers; Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Brahms, and Chopin are only a few of the best known of the musicians that confessed a major debt to Bach's work in their own musical development. Mendelssohn began re-introducing Bach's music into the concert repertoire, where it has come to attract admiration and even veneration for its own sake.
After 20 years of successful work in several posts, Bach became cantor of the Thomas-schule in Leipzig, and remained there for the remaining 27 years of his life, concentrating on church music for the Lutheran service: over 200 cantatas, four passion settings, a Mass, and hundreds of chorale settings, harmonizations, preludes, and arrangements. He edited the tunes for Schemelli's Musicalisches Gesangbuch, contributing 16 original tunes. His choral harmonizations remain a staple for studies of composition and harmony. Additional melodies from his works have been adapted as hymn tunes.
--John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)
Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Hermann Schein
1586 - 1630 Person Name: Johann Hermann Schein, 1586 - 1630 Composer of "MACH'S MIT MIR, GOTT (EISENACH)" in Service Book and Hymnal of the Lutheran Church in America Schein, Johann Hermann, son of Hieronymus Schein, pastor at Griinhain, near Annaberg, in Saxony, was born at Grünhain, Jan. 20,1586. He matriculated at the University of Leipzig in 1607, and studied there for four years. Thereafter he acted for some time as a private tutor, including two years with a family at Weissenfels. On May 21, 1615, he was appointed Capellmeister, at the court of Duke Johann Ernst, of Sachse-Weimar; and in 1616 he became cantor of I3t. Thomas's Church, and music director at Leipzig, in succession to Seth Calvisius (d. Nov. 24, 1615). This post he held till his death, at Leipzig, Nov. 19, 1630.
Schein was one of the most distinguished musicians of his time, both as an original composer, and as a harmoniser of the works of others. As a hymnwriter he was not so prolific, or so noteworthy. Most of his hymns were written on the deaths of his children or friends, e.g. on seven of his children, and on his first wife. They appeared mostly in broadsheet form, and were included, along with his original melodies, in his Cantional oder Gesang-Buch Augspurgischer Confession, Leipzig, 1627; 2nd ed., 1645. [Both in Wernigerode Library.]
Those of Schein's hymns which have passed into English are:—
i. Machs mit mir, Gott, nach deiner Güt. For the Dying. First published, as a broadsheet, at Leipzig, 1628, as a Trost-Liedlein á 5 (i.e. for 5 voices), &c. [Berlin Library.] The words, the melody, and the five-part setting, are all by Schein. It was written for, and first used at, the funeral, on Dec. 15, 1628, of Margarita, wife of Caspar Werner, a builder and town councillor at Leipzig, and a churchwarden of St. Thomas's. It is in 6 stanzas of 6 lines; the initial letters of 11. 1, 3, in st. i.-iv., forming the name Margarita; and the W of st. v. 1. 1 standing for Werner. In Schein's Cantional, 1645, No. 303 (marked as Trost-Liedlein, Joh. Herm. Scheins, á 5), and later hymn-books, as e.g. the Unverfäschter Liedersegen, 1851, No. 830, st. vi. was omitted. It is Schein's finest production, and one of the best German hymns for the sick and dying. Translated as:—
Deal with me, God, in mercy now. This is a good and full translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Chorale Book for England, 1863, No. 191, set to Schein's melody of 1628.
ii. Mein Gott und Herr, ach sei nicht fern. For the Dying. First published, with his name, in his Cantional, 1627, No. 262, in 9 stanzas of 6 lines. The initial letters of the stanzas give the name Margarita, probably one of the daughters who predeceased him. It is included, in 5 st., in the 164-8, and later eds., of Crüger's Praxis. The translation in common use is:—
My Lord and God, go not away. A good tr. of st. i., ii., iv., v., vii., by A. T. Russell, as No. 254, in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.]
--Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)
Johann Hermann Schein
Johan Olof Wallin
1779 - 1839 Person Name: J. O. Wallin Author of "To Realms Of Glory I Behold" in American Lutheran Hymnal Johan Olaf Wallin was born at Stora Tuna, in 1779, and early displayed his poetical powers. In 1805, and again in 1809, he gained the chief prize for poetry at Upsala. In the latter year he became pastor at Solna; here his ability as a preacher was so striking that he was transferred to Stockholm, in 1815, as "pastor primarius," a title for which we have no exact equivalent. In 1818 he was made Dean of Westeras, and set about the task of editing a revised hymn-book for the whole of Sweden. This task he completed in 1819, and published it as, Den Swenska Psalmboken, af Konungen gillad och stadfästad (The Swedish hymn-book, approved and confirmed by the King). To it he contributed some 150 hymns of his own, besides translations and recastings; and the book remains now in the form in which he brought it out. It is highly prized by the Swedes, and is in use everywhere.
--John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, p. 1000 (1907)
Johan Olof Wallin
C. W. Foss
1855 - 1935 Translator of "To Realms Of Glory I Behold" in American Lutheran Hymnal Born: August 28, 1855, Geneva, Illinois.
Died: February 8, 1935, Rock Island, Illinois.
Son of Swedish immigrants, Foss attended the Red Wing College institute at Red Wing, Minnesota, then entered Augustana College at Rock Island, Illinois, in 1879. He graduated with his bachelor’s degree in June 1883. In 1884, he became professor of history and political science at Augustana College. In 1888 he became vice-president of the college, and served until 1900. On the death of Dr. T. N. Hasselquist he was acting president until the election of Dr. Olof Olsson as president in 1891. Upon Olsson’s death, Foss again served as acting president until Dr. Gustav Andreen became president.
In addition to his academic positions, Foss was on the board of directors of the Augustana Book Concern, the Board of Home Missions for the Augustana Synod, and was treasurer of the Synod’s Board of Foreign Missions. In 1908, the General Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in North America sent him as a commissioner to inspect its mission field in southern India, where he traveled extensively (1908-09). Upon completing his work in India, he inspected the Synod’s mission in Persia in 1909, and traveled in Egypt, the Holy Land, Asia Minor, southern Russia, and south and central Europe.
Foss also found time to edit the Lutheran Quarterly Review, the Augustana Journal, and the Olive Leaf, and contributed to various other magazines and periodicals. His largest literary work was Glimpses of Three Continents, a travelogue through India, the Bible lands and Europe (Augustana Book Concern, 1912).
Foss belonged to the American Institute of Civics, the American Academy of Political and Social Science, the American Historical Association, and the Swedish Historical Society of America. He was a member of the Grace Lutheran Church in Rock Island, Illinois.
--www.hymntime.com/tch/
C. W. Foss
