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Catherine Winkworth

1827 - 1878 Translator of "In You Is Gladness" in Psalter Hymnal (Gray) Catherine Winkworth (b. Holborn, London, England, 1827; d. Monnetier, Savoy, France, 1878) is well known for her English translations of German hymns; her translations were polished and yet remained close to the original. Educated initially by her mother, she lived with relatives in Dresden, Germany, in 1845, where she acquired her knowledge of German and interest in German hymnody. After residing near Manchester until 1862, she moved to Clifton, near Bristol. A pioneer in promoting women's rights, Winkworth put much of her energy into the encouragement of higher education for women. She translated a large number of German hymn texts from hymnals owned by a friend, Baron Bunsen. Though often altered, these translations continue to be used in many modern hymnals. Her work was published in two series of Lyra Germanica (1855, 1858) and in The Chorale Book for England (1863), which included the appropriate German tune with each text as provided by Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt. Winkworth also translated biographies of German Christians who promoted ministries to the poor and sick and compiled a handbook of biographies of German hymn authors, Christian Singers of Germany (1869). Bert Polman ======================== Winkworth, Catherine, daughter of Henry Winkworth, of Alderley Edge, Cheshire, was born in London, Sep. 13, 1829. Most of her early life was spent in the neighbourhood of Manchester. Subsequently she removed with the family to Clifton, near Bristol. She died suddenly of heart disease, at Monnetier, in Savoy, in July, 1878. Miss Winkworth published:— Translations from the German of the Life of Pastor Fliedner, the Founder of the Sisterhood of Protestant Deaconesses at Kaiserworth, 1861; and of the Life of Amelia Sieveking, 1863. Her sympathy with practical efforts for the benefit of women, and with a pure devotional life, as seen in these translations, received from her the most practical illustration possible in the deep and active interest which she took in educational work in connection with the Clifton Association for the Higher Education of Women, and kindred societies there and elsewhere. Our interest, however, is mainly centred in her hymnological work as embodied in her:— (1) Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855. (2) Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858. (3) The Chorale Book for England (containing translations from the German, together with music), 1863; and (4) her charming biographical work, the Christian Singers of Germany, 1869. In a sympathetic article on Miss Winkworth in the Inquirer of July 20, 1878, Dr. Martineau says:— "The translations contained in these volumes are invariably faithful, and for the most part both terse and delicate; and an admirable art is applied to the management of complex and difficult versification. They have not quite the fire of John Wesley's versions of Moravian hymns, or the wonderful fusion and reproduction of thought which may be found in Coleridge. But if less flowing they are more conscientious than either, and attain a result as poetical as severe exactitude admits, being only a little short of ‘native music'" Dr. Percival, then Principal of Clifton College, also wrote concerning her (in the Bristol Times and Mirror), in July, 1878:— "She was a person of remarkable intellectual and social gifts, and very unusual attainments; but what specially distinguished her was her combination of rare ability and great knowledge with a certain tender and sympathetic refinement which constitutes the special charm of the true womanly character." Dr. Martineau (as above) says her religious life afforded "a happy example of the piety which the Church of England discipline may implant.....The fast hold she retained of her discipleship of Christ was no example of ‘feminine simplicity,' carrying on the childish mind into maturer years, but the clear allegiance of a firm mind, familiar with the pretensions of non-Christian schools, well able to test them, and undiverted by them from her first love." Miss Winkworth, although not the earliest of modern translators from the German into English, is certainly the foremost in rank and popularity. Her translations are the most widely used of any from that language, and have had more to do with the modern revival of the English use of German hymns than the versions of any other writer. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ============================ See also in: Hymn Writers of the Church

Johann Lindemann

1549 - 1631 Author of "In You Is Gladness" in Psalter Hymnal (Gray) Johann Lindemann (b. Gotha, Thuringia, Germany, 1549; d. Gotha, 1631) attended the gymnasium (high school) in Gotha and then studied at the University of Jena. He returned to Gotha, where he served on the council and became a cantor in several churches (1580-1631). One of the signers of the Lutheran Formula of Concord (1577), Lindemann published Amarum Filii Dei Decades Duae (1598), which included his "In You Is Gladness." Bert Polman ============== Lindemann, Johann, son of Nicolaus Lindemann, burgess at Gotha, was born at Gotha c. 1550. He attended the Gymnasium at Gotha, and apparently thereafter studied and graduated M.A. at Jena. He appears to have become cantor at Gotha in 1571 or 1572, and retired from this post, on a pension, in 1631. In 1634 he Was a member of the new Council at Gotha. The date of his death is unknown. (Monatshefte für Musikgeschichte, 1878, p. 73; manuscript from Superintendent Dr. Otto Dreyer, of Gotha, &c. The extant register of births at Gotha only goes back to 1566, that of deaths only to 1659.) Lindemann's Decades Amorum Filii Dei seem to have been published at Erfurt, 1594 and 1596. The ed. of 1598 [Royal Library, Berlin] is entitled Amorum Filii Dei Decades Duae: Das ist Zwantzig liebliche und gantz anmutige lateinische und deutsche newe Jharss oder Weyhenachten Gesenglein. He is there described as Cantor and musician to the churches and schools at Gotha. Whether he is the author of the words of any of these pieces is not certain. Nor is it even clear that he was the composer of the melodies; but it is evident that he must have arranged and harmonised them. The two best known of these pieces are "Jesu wollst uns weisen" (No. 3, in 3 stanzas), and, "In dir ist Freude" (Love to Christ). The latter is No. 7 in 2 stanzas of 12 lines. it is set to a tune adapted from a madrigal by Giovanni Giacomo Gastoldi da Caravaggio (his Balletti appeared at Venice 1591,1593,1595,1597, &c), and is marked as "Balletti: L'innamorato: A Lieta Vita: á 5." The text is repeated in the Unverfálschter Liedersegen, 1851, No. 42. The translation in common use is: "In Thee is gladness." A full and good translation by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser. 1858, p. 155, and her Chorale Book for England, 1863, No. 156. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Giovanni G. Gastoldi

1554 - 1609 Composer of "IN DIR IST FREUDE" in Psalter Hymnal (Gray) Giovanni G. Gastoldi (b. 1582; d. 1609) served as a deacon and singer in the chapel of the Gonzaga family in Mantua. Succeeding Giaches de Wert, he directed music in the Church of Santa Barbaras in Mantua from 1592 to 1608. Little is known about the rest of his life. Gastoldi composed a considerable body of court music, such as madrigals, and some church music, but he is best known for his Balletti, which influenced composers such as Monteverdi, Hassler, and Morley. Bert Polman