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Catherine Winkworth

1827 - 1878 Person Name: C. Winkworth Translator of "Lord Jesu Christ, our Lord most dear" in The English Hymnal Catherine Winkworth (b. Holborn, London, England, 1827; d. Monnetier, Savoy, France, 1878) is well known for her English translations of German hymns; her translations were polished and yet remained close to the original. Educated initially by her mother, she lived with relatives in Dresden, Germany, in 1845, where she acquired her knowledge of German and interest in German hymnody. After residing near Manchester until 1862, she moved to Clifton, near Bristol. A pioneer in promoting women's rights, Winkworth put much of her energy into the encouragement of higher education for women. She translated a large number of German hymn texts from hymnals owned by a friend, Baron Bunsen. Though often altered, these translations continue to be used in many modern hymnals. Her work was published in two series of Lyra Germanica (1855, 1858) and in The Chorale Book for England (1863), which included the appropriate German tune with each text as provided by Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt. Winkworth also translated biographies of German Christians who promoted ministries to the poor and sick and compiled a handbook of biographies of German hymn authors, Christian Singers of Germany (1869). Bert Polman ======================== Winkworth, Catherine, daughter of Henry Winkworth, of Alderley Edge, Cheshire, was born in London, Sep. 13, 1829. Most of her early life was spent in the neighbourhood of Manchester. Subsequently she removed with the family to Clifton, near Bristol. She died suddenly of heart disease, at Monnetier, in Savoy, in July, 1878. Miss Winkworth published:— Translations from the German of the Life of Pastor Fliedner, the Founder of the Sisterhood of Protestant Deaconesses at Kaiserworth, 1861; and of the Life of Amelia Sieveking, 1863. Her sympathy with practical efforts for the benefit of women, and with a pure devotional life, as seen in these translations, received from her the most practical illustration possible in the deep and active interest which she took in educational work in connection with the Clifton Association for the Higher Education of Women, and kindred societies there and elsewhere. Our interest, however, is mainly centred in her hymnological work as embodied in her:— (1) Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855. (2) Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858. (3) The Chorale Book for England (containing translations from the German, together with music), 1863; and (4) her charming biographical work, the Christian Singers of Germany, 1869. In a sympathetic article on Miss Winkworth in the Inquirer of July 20, 1878, Dr. Martineau says:— "The translations contained in these volumes are invariably faithful, and for the most part both terse and delicate; and an admirable art is applied to the management of complex and difficult versification. They have not quite the fire of John Wesley's versions of Moravian hymns, or the wonderful fusion and reproduction of thought which may be found in Coleridge. But if less flowing they are more conscientious than either, and attain a result as poetical as severe exactitude admits, being only a little short of ‘native music'" Dr. Percival, then Principal of Clifton College, also wrote concerning her (in the Bristol Times and Mirror), in July, 1878:— "She was a person of remarkable intellectual and social gifts, and very unusual attainments; but what specially distinguished her was her combination of rare ability and great knowledge with a certain tender and sympathetic refinement which constitutes the special charm of the true womanly character." Dr. Martineau (as above) says her religious life afforded "a happy example of the piety which the Church of England discipline may implant.....The fast hold she retained of her discipleship of Christ was no example of ‘feminine simplicity,' carrying on the childish mind into maturer years, but the clear allegiance of a firm mind, familiar with the pretensions of non-Christian schools, well able to test them, and undiverted by them from her first love." Miss Winkworth, although not the earliest of modern translators from the German into English, is certainly the foremost in rank and popularity. Her translations are the most widely used of any from that language, and have had more to do with the modern revival of the English use of German hymns than the versions of any other writer. -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) ============================ See also in: Hymn Writers of the Church

George Ratcliffe Woodward

1848 - 1934 Person Name: George R. Woodward Translator (from German) of "An Infant Lay Within a Shed" in The Cyber Hymnal Educated at Caius College in Cambridge, England, George R. Woodward (b. Birkenhead, Cheshire, England, 1848; d. Highgate, London, England, 1934) was ordained in the Church of England in 1874. He served in six parishes in London, Norfolk, and Suffolk. He was a gifted linguist and translator of a large number of hymns from Greek, Latin, and German. But Woodward's theory of translation was a rigid one–he held that the translation ought to reproduce the meter and rhyme scheme of the original as well as its contents. This practice did not always produce singable hymns; his translations are therefore used more often today as valuable resources than as congregational hymns. With Charles Wood he published three series of The Cowley Carol Book (1901, 1902, 1919), two editions of Songs of Syon (1904, 1910), An Italian Carol Book (1920), and the Cambridge Carol Book

Anonymous

Composer of "[An Infant lay within a shed]" in The Cyber Hymnal In some hymnals, the editors noted that a hymn's author is unknown to them, and so this artificial "person" entry is used to reflect that fact. Obviously, the hymns attributed to "Author Unknown" "Unknown" or "Anonymous" could have been written by many people over a span of many centuries.

Heinrich von Laufenberg

1390 - 1460 Person Name: H. von Laufenberg, d. c. 1458 Author of "Lord Jesu Christ, our Lord most dear" in The English Hymnal Heinrich of Laufenburg was a native of Laufenburg, Aargau, Switzerland, The earliest notice of him is that in 1434 he was decan of the Collegiate Church of St. Maurice at Zofingen in Aargau. He afterwards held a similar post at Freiburg, in Baden; but in 1445 became a monk in the monastery of the Knights of St. John at Strassburg ("Zum grunen Werde"). He was living there in 1458, but probably died in that year or soon after (Koch, i. 213-214; Allgemine Deutsche Biographie, xix. 810-813, &c). He was the most important and most prolific hymn-writer of the 15th century, and a number of his productions are of sweetness and abiding worth. Most of them are in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Many are in intricate metres, while others are written to song tunes, or are recasts of songs, or translations from the Latin. A large number are included by Wackernagel in his second volume, principally taken from a paper manuscript of the 15th century, which he found in the town library at Strassburg. Two of the best of his original hymns are:— i. Ach lieber Herre Jesu Christ. Cradle Hymn. This beautiful prayer of a mother for her infant child is given by Wackernagel, ii. p. 534, in 5 stanza of 6 lines, from the Strassburg MS., where it is entitled "Benedictio puerily." In his Kleines Gesang-Buch, 1860, Wackernagel gives it as No. 114 (omitting stanza ii.) with the original melody, dating both 1429. The text is also in Hoffmann von Fallersleben, edition 1861, No. 125. Translated as:— Ah ! Jesu Christ, my Lord most dear. A full and very good translation by Miss Winkworth in her ChristianSingers, &c, 1869, p. 93. The address to the B. V. M. in stanza ii., "Maria, müter Jesu Christ, Sit du dins Kints gewaltig bist," is translated as:— “Since in Thy heavenly kingdom, Lord, All things obey Thy lightest word." Her translation was adopted with alterations by the Rev. H. White in the Savoy Hymnary (Chapel Royal, Savoy), 1870, No. 35, beginning, "Lord Jesu Christ, our Lord most dear." Instead of taking the very good original melody, Mr. White altered the hymn to 6-8 metre, and omitted stanzas iv., v. This form has been repeated in the S. P. C. K. Church Hymns, 1871; Mrs. Brock's Children's Hymn Book, 1881, and others. ii. Ich wollt dass ich daheime war. Eternal Life. A beautiful hymn of spiritual Home¬sickness. Wackernagel, ii. p. 540, includes a version in 13 stanzas of 2 lines from the Strassburg MS.; and another in 9 stanzas of 2 lines from a 15th century MS. at Berlin. Hoffmann von Fallersleben, 1861, gives the Strassburg text as No. 54; and a form in 9 stanzas from a MS. at Inzkofen, near Sigmaringen, dating 1470-1480, as No. 55. In his Kleines Gesang-Buch,1860, Wackernagel gives as No. 74 a slightly altered form of the Strassburg text, along with the original melody. Translated as "I would I were at last at home," by Miss Winkworth, 1869, p. 92. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

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