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Johann Wilhelm Petersen

1649 - 1727 Hymnal Number: 155 Author of "Glueck zu Kreuz, von ganzem Herzen" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Petersen, Johann Wilhelm, was born June 1, 1649, at Osnabrück; his father Georg Petersen, Kanzlei-beamter at Lubeck, having gone to reside at Osnabrück as representing Lübeck in the negotiations which ended in the Peace of Westphalia. Petersen matriculated at the University of Giessen, in 1669; "went in 1671 to Rostock, and was then for short periods at Leipzig, Wittenberg, and Jena; the degree of M.A. being conferred on him by Giessen in absentia. He returned to Giessen in 1673, and began to lecture on philosophy and rhetoric as private docent. About 1675 he visited Spener, at Frankfurt. This proved an important turning-point in his life. In 1677 he began to lecture at Rostock, as Professor of Poetry (D.D. from Rostock 1686), but in the same year accepted the pastorate of the St. Aegidien church at Hannover. He was then, in May, 1678, appointed by Duke August Friedrich of Holstein, as Court preacher at Eutin, and general superintendent of the diocese of Lübeck. In Advent, 1688, he became pastor of St. John's church and superintendent at Lüneburg. Here he made himself obnoxious to his fellow clergy by refusing to take fees for hearing confessions; received into his house Fraulein Rosamunde Juliane von Asseburg, and began publicly to teach her ideas of the Millennial Kingdom. Being accused of Chiliasm and having his opinions condemned by the theological faculty of Helmstädt, he was removed from his office in the end of January, 1692. Thereafter he resided at various places, made tours over Germany, during which he propagated his views, and expounded his peculiar doctrines by books and pamphlets. He finally bought a small estate at Thymer, near Zerbst, and died there, Jan. 31, 1727 (Koch vi. 121; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie xxv. 508, &c). Apart from his importance as a theological writer, Petersen deserves attention as the author of several hymns. A considerable number of them are in Latin, his manuscript being entitled Cithara sacra. Of these he contributed seven to Freylinghausen's Geistreiches Gesang-Buch , 1704. Two of these have passed into English, viz.: "Cerne lapsum servulum", and "Salve crux beata, salve" (q.v.). His German hymns were published as (1) Stimmen aus Zion, in two parts, Halle, 1698 and 1701 [Wernigerode Library]. These are hymns in prose and not versions of the Psalter; and 8 passed into Freylinghausen's Gesang-Buch 1704. (2) ccc. Stimmen aus Zion, N. P. 1721 [British Museum and Wernigerode]. These are obscure, mystical, and diffuse, and do not appear to have come at all into use. (3) Others of his hymns appeared in the Pietistic hymn-books of the period, 1692-1704. One of this last class is translated into English, viz:— Liebster Jesu, liebstes Leben. Spiritual Watchfulness. In A. Luppius's Andächtig Singender Christen-Mund, Wesel, 1692, p. 150, in 5 st., repeated in Freylinghausen, 1704, and the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 651. Translated as, "Jesus, Lord of life and glory" (st. v.), as No. 1188 in the Supplement of 1808 to the Moravian Hymn Book 1801 (1886, No. 980). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Michael Franck

1609 - 1667 Hymnal Number: 419 Author of "Sei Gott getreu, halt seinen Bund" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Franck, Michael, son of Sebastian Franck, merchant at Schleusingen, was born at Schleusingen, March 16, 1609. At the Gymnasium of his native town he made good progress, but at his father's death it was found possible only to give his brothers Sebastian and Peter a university education. Michael was accordingly apprenticed to a baker, and in 1628 became a master baker at Schleusingen. Reduced to poverty by the sufferings of war, he fled in 1640 to Coburg, was there kindly received by one of the master bakers, and in 1644, somewhat unexpectedly, was appointed master of the lower classes in the town school. He died at Coburg Sept. 24, 1667 (Koch, iii. 435-441; Allg. Deutsche Biog. , vii. 259-260). He was a friend of Dach and Neumark; was in 1659 crowned by Rist as a poet, and afterwards received into his order of Elbe Swans. In his times of trial he found consolation in hymn writing. While many of his pieces are crude in form and expression, some are yet popular in style, and are full of faith. The best of his hymns probably is:— Ach wie flüchtig! ach wie nichtig. For the Dying. Appeared as the third of three hymns by Franck, published with music in four parts at Coburg, 1652, entitled Die Eitelkeit, Falschheit und Unbeständigkeit der Welt [Wernigerode], in 13 stanzas. In his Geistliches Harpffen-Spiel, Coburg, 1657 [Gotha], No. 24 with the motto “Der Mensch und all sein Thun must mit der Zeit hergehn; Wer Gott und Gottesfurcht recht liebt, wird ewig stehn." Repeated in Crüger's Praxis, 1661, No. 530, and many subsequent collections, as in the Unverfälscher Liedersegen, 1851, No. 803. It is a powerful picture of the vanity and nothingness of this world and all its treasures. The only translation in common use is:— “0 how cheating, 0 how fleeting”, Is, &c. In full by Sir J. Bowring in his Hymns, 1825, No. 35. The translations of stanzas i., iii., iv., xiii. were included in Curtis's Union Collection, 1827, and of stanzas i.-iv., xiii. in the Plymouth Collection, 1855. Another translation is: "Ah how fleeting, ah how cheating,” by N. L. Frothingham, 1870, p. 153. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Eberhard Ludwig Gruber

Hymnal Number: 394 Author of "Pflichtm'ssig gelebt, an Gott fest geklebt" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions

Justus Gesenius

1601 - 1673 Hymnal Number: 386 Author of "O Tod, wo ist dein Stachel nun?" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Gesenius, Justus, D.D., son of Joachim Gesenius, pastor at Esbeck, near Lauenstein, Hannover; was born at Esbeck, July 6, 1601. He studied at the Universities of Helmstedt and Jena, graduating M.A at Jena in 1628. In 1629 he became pastor of St. Magnus's Church, Brunswick; in 1636 court chaplain and preacher at the Cathedral in Hildesheim; and in 1642 chief court preacher, consistorialrath, and general superintendent at Hannover. He died at Hannover, Sept. 18, 1673 (Koch, iii 230-237; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, ix. 87-88; Bode, p. 76, &c). Gesenius was an accomplished and influential theologian, a famous preacher, and distinguished himself by his efforts to further the catechetical instruction of the children of his district. Along with D. Denicke (q.v.) he edited the Hannoverian hymnbooks of 1646-1660. Both he and Denicke aimed at reducing the older German hymns to correctness of style according to the poetical canons of Martin Opitz; not so much interfering with the theology or making the authors speak a terminology foreign to them. Consequently their recasts, while setting a bad example, and while often destroying much of the force and freshness of the originals, were not by any means so objectionable as the recasts of the Rationalistic period, and moreover were soon widely accepted. As no authors' names are given in the Hannoverian hymnbooks, it is difficult to assign the authorship of the new hymns and recasts therein contained. The following is generally, and apparently with reason, ascribed to Gesenius: Wenn meine Sünd' mich kränken. Passiontide. His finest hymn as regards depth, warmth, and finish. First published in the Hannover Gesang-Buch 1646, No. 49, in 8 stanzas of 7 lines. It has been called a recast of the hymn "Hilf Gott, dass mir gelinge," but bears not the slightest resemblance to it. Included in Crüger's Praxis, 1656, and many later collections, as the Berlin Geistliche Lieder S., ed. 1863, No. 277. By a not unjust retribution it was soon recast, and appeared in the Lüneburg Gesang-Buch, 1661, as "Wenn mich die Sunden kränken." Translated as:— 1. When guilt and shame are raising. In full, by J. C. Jacobi, in pt. ii., 1725, of his Psalter Germanica, p. 4 (1732, p. 34). In the Moravian HymnBook of 1789, No. 106, it is altered to “O Lord, when condemnation"; and in the edition 1886, it begins with st. v., "Lord, let Thy bitter passion." A cento of stanzas ii., iii., v., from the Moravian Hymn Book, 1801, was adopted by Montgomery in his Christian Psalmist, 1825, beginning, "O wonder far exceeding," and this is in the New Zealand Hymnal. 1872. 2. 0 Lord, when my sins grieve me. A good translation of stanzas i., ii., iv., v., by A. T. Russell, as No. 81 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. 3. When sorrow and remorse. In full, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855, p. 74. A cento consisting of lines 1-4 of stanzas i., iv.—vi., and of stanza vii., rewritten to S.M., is in the Pennsylvanian Lutheran Church Book, 1868. 4. 0 Lord, when condemnation. A full and good translation, included as No. 84 in the 1857 ed. of Mercer's The Church Psalter and Hymnbook. Probably by Mr. Mercer, but mainly taken from the Moravian Hymnbook, 1789, and from Miss Winkworth. Repeated, abridged, in his Oxford ed., 1864, No. 149, and in the Toronto HymnBook, 1862. 5. When o'er my sins I sorrow. A good translation, based on her 1855 version, and omitting stanzas ii.—iv., by Miss Winkworth, as No. 48 in her Chorale Book for England, 1863. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Sigmund von Birken

1626 - 1681 Person Name: Sigismund von Birken Hymnal Number: 230 Author of "Jesu, frommer Menschenheerden" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Birken, Sigismund von, son of Daniel Betulius or Birken, pastor at Wildstein, near Eger, in Bohemia, was born at Wildstein, May 5, 1626. In 1629 his father, along with other Evangelical pastors, was forced to flee from Bohemia, and went to Nürnberg. After passing through the Egidien-Gymnasium at Nürnberg Sigismund entered the University of Jena, in 1643, and there studied both Law and Theology, the latter at his father's dying request. Before completing his course in either he returned to Nürnberg, in 1645, and on account of his poetical gifts was there admitted a member of the Pegnitz Shepherd and Flower Order. At the close of 1645 he was appointed tutor at Wolfenbiittel to the Princes of Brunswick-Luneburg, but after a year (during which he was crowned as a poet), he resigned this post. After a tour, during which he was admitted by Philipp v. Zesen as a member of the German Society (or Patriotic Union), he returned to Nürnberg in 1648, and employed himself as a private tutor. In 1654 he was ennobled on account of his poetic gifts by the Emperor Ferdinand III., was admitted in 1658 as a member of the Fruitbearing Society, and on the death of Harsdörffer, in 1662; became Chief Shepherd of the Pegnitz Order, to which from that time he imparted a distinctly religious cast. He died at Nürnberg, June 12, 1681. (Koch, iii. 478-485; Allgemeine Deutsche Biog., ii. 660; Bode, pp. 44-46; the first dating his death, July, and the last dating his birth, April 25). In his 52 hymns he was not able to shake off the artificial influences of the time, and not many of them have retained a place in German common use. Three have been translated into English:— i. Auf, auf, mein Herz und du mein ganzer Sinn, Wirf alles heut. [Sunday.] First published (not in 1661, but) in Saubert's Gesang-Buch, Nürnberg, 1076, No. 329, in 10 stanzas. Translated as:— (1) "Arouse thee up! my Heart, my Thought, my Mind," by H. J. Buckoll, 1842, p. 10. (2) "Awake! awake!—to holy thought aspire," by Dr. H. Mills, 1856. ii. Jesu, deine Passion. [ Passiontide.] His finest hymn, first published in Saubert's Gesang-Buch, Nürnberg, 1676, No. 83, in 6 stanzas of 8 lines, and included as No. 240 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder ed., 1863. It did not appear in 1653. Translated as:— Jesu! be Thy suffering love. A good translation of stanzas i.-iv., by A. T. Russell, as No. 87 in his Psalms and Hymns, 1851. Another translation is:— "Jesus, on Thy dying love," by W. Reid, in the British Herald, March, 1865, p. 46, repeated in his Praise Book, 1872, No. 435. iii. Lasset uns mit Jesu ziehen. [Passiontide .] First published in J. M. Dilherr's Heilige Karwochen, Nürnberg, 1653, p. 412, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines. Included as No. 250 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. The only translation in common use is:— Let us hence, on high ascending . Good and full, by A. T. Russell, as No. 184 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. His translations of stanzas iii., iv., were adopted and altered to "Let us now with Christ be dying," as No. 635 in Kennedy, 1863. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Ahasuer Fritsch

1629 - 1701 Person Name: Ahasverus Fritsch Hymnal Number: 30 Author of "Ach, wann werd ich schauen Dich" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Born: December 16, 1629, Mücheln, Saxony. Died: August 24, 1701, Rudolstadt, Germany. With help from the family of a young noble he tutored, Fritsch received a good education, earning his law degree from the University of Jena in 1661. He later became chancellor of the university and president of the Consistory of Rudolstadt. He wrote on numerous subjects, including antiquities, law, and religion, and collected hymns. Hymns-- "Liebster Immanuel, Herzog der Frommen" "Dearest Immanuel, Prince of the Lowly" Music-- WAS FRAG' ICH NACH DER WELT --www.cyberhymnal.org/bio

Friedrich Funcke

1642 - 1699 Hymnal Number: 503 Author of "Zeuch uns nach dir, so kommen [eilen] [laufen] wir mit herzlichen" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Funcke, Friedrich, was born at Nossen in the Harz, where he was baptised March 27, 1642. After receiving a general and musical education at Freiberg and Dresden, he became cantor at Perleberg, and then, in 1664, Stadt Cantor at Luneburg. He was, in 1694, appointed pastor at Römstedt, a few miles south of Lüneburg, and died there Oct. 20, 1699. He revised the Lüneburg Gesangbuch, 1686, and contributed to it 43 melodies and 7 hymns (Blätter für Hymnologie, 1884, pp. 115, 135, 146; 1885, p. 121). One has passed into English, viz.:— Zeuch uns nach dir, so kommen wir. [Ascensiontide!] First published in the Lüneburg Stadt Gesang-Buch, 1686, No. 593y? in 5 st. of 4 l., signed "F. F.," and founded on Canticles i. 4. Repeated in Freylinghausen's Gesang-Buch, 1705, No. 699, the Berlin Geistliche Lieder , ed. 1863, No. 341, and many other collections. Often wrongly ascribed to Ludämilia Elizabeth (q.v.), or to Friedrich Fabricius (b. April 20, 1642, at Stettin, and died there Nov. 11, 1703, as Pastor of St. Nicholas's Church). The only translation in common use is:— Draw us to Thee, Lord Jesus. A somewhat free translation omitting st. ii. by Miss Winkworth in her Chorale Book for England, 1863, No. 68. Repeated in Dr. Thomas's Augustine Hymnbook, 1866, Marlborough College Hymnbook, 1889, and in America in the Pennsylvania Lutheran Church Book, 1868. Other translations are: (l) “Draw us, Saviour, then will we," by Miss Dunn, 1857, p. 102. (2) "Draw us to Thee, So shall we flee," by N. L. Frothingham, 1870, p. 275. The hymn beginning, "Draw us to Thee, in mind and heart," by A. T. Russell, in 4 st., as No. 269 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851, while not a translation of, is based on this German hymn. Repeated in Dr. Pagenstecher's Collection, 1864, and in J. L. Porter's Collection, 1876. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Johann C. Schwedler

1672 - 1730 Hymnal Number: 444 Author of "Unser wandel ist im himmel richte doch dein [mein] herz dakim" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Schwedler, Johann Christoph, son of Anton Schwedler, farmer and rural magistrate at Krobsdorf, near Lowenberg, in Silesia, was born at Krobsdorf, Dec. 21, 1672, and matriculated at the University of Leipzig, in 1695 (M.A. 1697). In 1698 he was appointed assistant minister at Niederwiese, near Greiffenberg, and began his duties there on the 18th Sunday after Trinity. On the death of the diaconus, Christoph Adolph, he succeeded him as diaconus, in December, 1698; and, finally, in 1701, he became pastor there. He died at Niederwiese, suddenly, during the night of Jan. 12, 1730. Schwedler was a powerful and popular preacher, and peculiarly gifted in prayer. It is said that sometimes, beginning service at 5 or 6 a.m., he would continue the service to relays who in succession filled the church, till 2 or 3 p.m. He also founded an orphanage at Niederwiese. He was a near neighbour and great friend of Johann Mentzer and N. L. von Zinzendorf. As a hymnwriter he was useful and popular. The principal theme of his hymns was the Grace of God through Christ, and the joyful confidence imparted to the soul that experienced it. Of his hymns, 462 appeared in his Die Lieder Mose und des Lammes, oder neu eingerichtetes Gesang-Buch, Budissin, 1720, Nos. 345-806. Others are in his Wöchentliche Hauss-Andacht, 1112, in his various devotional works, and in the hymn-books of the period. The only hymn by Schwedler translated into English is:— Wollt ihr wissen was mein Preis? Jesus the Crucified, or Love to Christ. Founded on 1 Cor. ii. 2, and Gal. vi. 14. The trs. in common use are:— 1. Ask ye what great thing I know. By Dr. Kennedy, in his Hymnologia Christiana, 1863, No. 620, being a good tr. of st. i.-v., with a sixth stanza suggested by st. vi. of the German. 2. Do you ask what most I prize? This is a fairly close version, omitting st. vi., as No. 98, in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1886. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Heinrich Müller

1631 - 1675 Person Name: Heinrich Mueller Hymnal Number: 32 Author of "Ade, du suesse Welt! ich schwing ins Himmelszelt" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions

Jodocus van Lodenstein

1620 - 1677 Hymnal Number: 219 Author of "Ich will einsam und gemeinsam" in Das Kleine Davidische Psalterspiel der Kinder Zions Lodenstein, Jodocus van, son of Joost Corneliss van Lodenstein, burgomaster of Delft, was born at Delft Feb. 6, 1620. After studying at the Universities of Utrecht and Franeker he was appointed in 1644 pastor at Zoetermeer and Zegwaard, near Delft; in 1650 at Sluys (Sluis, near the boundary of Flanders); and in 1653 at Utrecht. He died at Utrecht Aug. 6, 1677 (Allg. Deutsche Biog., xix. 73-75). A pastor of the Reformed Church, he was spiritually allied to the Mystics. After 1665, not being able to exclude the worldly, he ceased to dispense the Holy Communion and altered the Baptismal formula; but never separated from the Church. His hymns appeared in his Uyt-Spanningen, Behelfende eenige stigtelyke Liederen en andere Gedigten, &c, Utrecht, 1676 [Berlin], which passed through many editions. Two are translated, viz.:— 1. Hemelsch Ooge! Wilt gy dogen. [Love to God.] 1676, p. 346, in 9 st. entitled "Solitude with God." It has passed into English through Ich will einsam und gemeinsam. No. 723, in Freylinghausen's Gesang-Buch, 1705; Porst's Gesang-Buch, ed. 1855, No. 385. It is a free translation in 5 stanzas of 6 lines, and is probably by C. A. Bernstein (p. 135, ii.), certainly not by Gr. Arnold or G. Tersteegen. Translated as (1) “Quite alone and yet not lonely," in full, from the 1105, as No. 680 in pt. i. of the Moravian Hymn Book, 1754. In the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1886, No. 702), the trs. of stanzas i., ii., were reduced to 8.7.8.7, and this form is also in the Bible Hymn Book, 1845. 2. Heylge Jesu! Hemelsch Voorbeeld! [Christ our Example.] 1676, p. 152, in 9 stanzas, entitled "Jesus Pattern." It has passed into English through Heiligster Jesu, Heiligungsquelle, tr. in full. This has not yet been traced earlier than G. Arnold's Göttliche Sophia, 1700, pt. ii. p. 327, where it is No. 17 of “some hitherto unknown poems, mostly composed by others.” As it is found in this section it is perhaps more probably by B. Crasselius (q. v.). Koch, vi. 6, and viii. 437, characterises it as "a pearl in the Evangelical Treasury of Song and a genuine Christian moral hymn, of more importance than a hundred of the so-called moral hymns in the second half of the eighteenth cen¬tury." In the Berlin