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Wilhelm II

1598 - 1662 Person Name: Wilhelm, Herzog zu Schsen-Weimar Hymnal Number: 250 Author of "Herr Jesu Christ, Dich zu uns wend'" in Die Glaubensharfe Wilhelm (II. or IV.), Duke of Sachse-Weimar, son of Duke Johann of Sachse-Weimar, was born in the castle of Altenburg, April 11, 1598. He studied for some time at the University of Jena, devoting himself especially to music and mathematics. On the outbreak of the Thirty Years War he espoused the cause of Friedrich V. of the Palatinate. At the battle of the Weisse Berg, near Prague, he was severely wounded, and at the battle fought near Stadtlohn, in Westphalia (Aug., 1623), he was at first left for dead, and then taken prisoner by Tilly. In 1625 the Emperor allowed him to go free, and he assumed the government of Weimar. When Gustavus Adolphus came to Germany (1630), Wilhelm did not join him till after the battle of Breitenfeld (Sept., 1631), and in July, 1635, he was one of the consenting parties to the Peace of Prague between Saxony and the Emperor, in consequence of which the Swedish troops made various inroads on his territory. When the final partition took place, in 1644, between himself and his surviving brother (Sachse-Weimar fell to Wilhelm, and Gotha to Ernst) he set himself earnestly to restore prosperity and godliness in the regions under his rule. He also found more time (especially after the peace of Westphalia, 1648), to devote to his studies in poetry and music, and to the adornment of Weimar. He died at Weimar, May 17, 1662 (Koch, iii. 110; Wetzel, iii. 426; Bode, p. 172, &c). Wilhelm joined, in 1617, in founding the Fruitbearing Society, the great German Literary and Patriotic Union of the 17th century; and, after the death (1650) of Ludwig, Prince of Anhalt-Cöthen, became its head. Weimar thus became the centre of its operations, in the direction of which the Duke was assisted by Georg Neumark. Neumark, in his Palmbaum, 1680, p. 449, speaks of the Duke as having "composed several hymns, as well-known in this place, especially the short Hymn of Peace ‘Gott der Friede hat gegeben.'" Besides this hymn on Peace only one other is known as Wilhelm's, viz.:— Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend . Public Worship. This was included as No. 124 in the 2nd edition, 1651, of pt. i. of the Cantionale Sacrum, Gotha (1st ed. 1646), in 4 stanzas of 4 lines, entitled "To be sung before the Sermon." As no author's name is there given, and as it did not appear in any of the three parts of the original edition of 1646-48, the Duke's authorship is decidedly doubtful. So far as yet traced the Duke's name was not attached to it until in the Altdorf Liederfreud of 1676 (Fischer's Supplement, p. 71). In J. Niedling's Handbüchlein, 4th ed., 1655, p. 746, it appears without author's name (Niedling, be it observed, was living at Altenburg), and entitled "A heartfelt petition of pious Christians for grace and the help of the Holy Spirit, during Divine Service, before the Sermon." Koch says it was in the first edition, 1638, of Niedling, but this appears to be merely a guess, for the earliest edition of Niedling which he describes at iii., 109, is that of 1655; and if it were in Niedling's 1638 ed., this circumstance would make the Duke's authorship still more unlikely. Whoever the author was the hymn soon became justly popular, and in 1678 was formally directed to be sung in all the churches in Saxony on all Sundays and festivals. It is a simple and forcible hymn, which survived the Rationalistic period, and is found in all recent German hymn-books, e.g. in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 356. Translated as:— 1. Lord Christ, reveal Thy holy Face. In full by J. C. Jacobi, in his Psalter Germanica, 1722, p. 42 (1732, p. 69). Repeated as No. 322 in pt. i. of the Moravian Hymn Book, 1754 (1886, No. 724), and as No. 54 in J. F. Thrupp's Psalms & Hymns, 1853. 2. Lord Jesu, to our prayer attend. This is a good and full translation by A. T. Russell, as No. 12 in his Psalms & Hymns, 1851. 3. Lord Jesus Christ, be present now! This is a good and full translation by Miss Winkworth, as No. 13 in her Chorale Book for England, 1863; repeated in the Pennsylvania Lutheran Church Book, 1868, No. 49. 4. Christ Jesus Lord, to us attend. In full by L. Heyl, as No. 3 in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880. Other translations are:— (1) "Lord Jesus, turn to us, and down," by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 48. (2) "Lord Jesus Christ, in mercy bend," by Miss Manington, 1863, p. 19. (3) "Lord Jesus Christ, now towards us bend," by N. L. Frothingham, 1870, p. 221. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Georg Friedrich Philipp von Hardenberg

1772 - 1801 Person Name: Fr. L. v. Hardenberg Hymnal Number: 113 Author of "Gelobt sei Gott, daß Jesus lebt" in Die Glaubensharfe Pseudonym: Novalis. See also Novalis, 1772-1801 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hardenberg, Georg Friedrich Philipp von, was son of Baron Heinrich Ulrich Erasmus von Hardenberg, director of the Saxon Saltworks at Weissenfels. He was born May 2, 1772, at his father's estate of Widerstedt or Ober-Wiederstäd, near Eisleben. In the autumn of 1790 he entered the University of Jena, then went to Leipzig, and finally to Wittenberg. After concluding his studies, he went, in the end of 1794, to Tennstädt, near Erfurt, in order to learn administrative business under Kreisamtmann Just. In the autumn of 1797 he entered the School of Mines at Freiberg in Saxony, and in the autumn of 1799 went to Artern, at the foot of the Kyffhäuser-Berg, to be employed in the saltworks there. Soon after he began to spit blood, and while on a visit to Dresden the news of the sudden death of a younger brother, in Nov. 1800, brought on a hemorrhage which destroyed all hopes of his recovery. In January, 1801, he was removed to the house of his parents at Weissenfels, and died there March 25, 1801. (Koch, vii. 4-9; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, x. 562-570; Blätter für Hymnologie, 1884, 3-6, &c.) Hardenberg's various writings appeared under the name of Novalis (apparently taken from the name of one of the family estates), which he first adopted in his Blüthenstaub, published in the Athenæum, Brunswick, 1798; and it is as Novalis that he is best known. He was one of the leaders of the Romantic School which arose in Germany in the last years of the 18th century, and of which his friends F. and A. W. Schlegel, Fouque and Tieck are the best known members. It is, however, by his hymns that he will probably best be remembered. They arose in the time of deep sorrow into which he was cast on the death of his betrothed Sophie von Kühn, when his thoughts turned to the faith of his childhood (his father and mother were Moravians, and his early education was imparted by a Moravian pastor); and when from the barren religiosity of the latter days of Illumination his soul found its strength and solace in loving surrender to the Person of our Blessed Lord. His hymns, 15 in all, are distinguished by beauty of rhythm and lyric grace. While some have been included in recent German hymn-books (e.g. Nos. ii.-iv. in the Berlin Gesang-buch, 1829, through the influence of F. Schleiermacher), yet for Church use they are too subjective, and in some cases even too sentimental. They must be regarded as beautiful and deeply spiritual poems, rather than as hymns suited for public worship. Some of them are not altogether free from Pantheistic tendencies. The Marienlieder (i.e. the hymns to the B. V. M.) were not intended by himself to be published among his hymns, but were meant to be inserted in his unfinished romance of Heinrich von Ofterdingen, as hymns of pilgrims to the shrine of the B. V. M. at Loretto in Italy. Seven of his hymns were sent, on Jan. 20, 1800, to P. Schlegel for publication in the Athenæum. They did not however appear till in the Musenalmanach für das Jahr, 1802, published at Tübingen, 1802. The rest of his hymns were published in his Schriften, Berlin, 1807. A handy little edition of his Gedichte, with a critical and biographical sketch by W. Beyschlag, appeared in 1869 (2nd ed. 1877). Since the publication of T. Carlyle's Essay on Novalis in 1829, numerous "Studies" have appeared in English and American reviews and magazines; and some of these may contain translations not noted below. Hardenberg's hymns, all of which have been rendered into English, are as follows :— I. Hymns in English common use:-- i. Ich sag' es jedem, das er lebt. Easter. In his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 143, in 8 st. of 4 l. Repeated in the Württemberg Gesang-buch, 1842, No. 165. Translated as :-— I say to all men, far and near, in full, by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 40. In full in Kennedy, 1863 ; and in varying centos in America in the Dutch Reformed Hymns of the Church, 1869; Baptist Praise Book, 1871; Hymns & Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874, &c. Other translations are: (1) "I say to every one, He lives," by Helen Lowe, in her Zareefa, 1844, p. 166. (2) "To every one I say," by Dr. J. F. Hurst, in his translation of K. R. Hagenbach's History of the Church 18 and 19 centuries, N. Y., 1869, vol. ii. p. 283. (3) "I say to each man that He lives," by M. E. Bramston, in theDay of Rest, 1875, p. 69. (4) "He lives! He's risen from the dead," by Dr. G. Macdonald, in his Exotics, 1876, p. 22. [The hymn "He lives! He lives! let joy again," by Sir John Bowring, in J. R. Beard's Collection, 1837, No. 145, seems based on this German.] ii. Was wär ich ohne dich gewesen. The Love of Christ. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 189, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 123, in 10 st. of 8 1. Included in various German hymn-books, and is No. 1562 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. It is said that shortly after the death of Novalis his father was present at a Moravian service at Herrnhut during which this hymn was sung. When he asked who was the author of this wonderfully beautiful hymn, he was greatly moved on receiving the reply, "Your son." And then in a moment it became clear to him that the Christ who had been the Crown and Star of his heart ever since his youth, was also his son's Saviour and Deliverer, though he had sought and found Him by a different way. The translations in common use are :— 1. What had I been if Thou wert not, a free translation of st. i.-iii., viii., v., by Miss Winkworth, in her Lyra Germanica, 1st Ser., 1855, p. 96. Centos from this are:— (1) Lord! when Thou mak'st Thy presence felt (st. iii.) in the Swedenborgian Collection, 1880. (2) Thou strong ana loving God in man (st. iv.), in Hymns of the Spirit, Boston, U.S., 1864. (3) Thou strong and loving Son of Man (st. iv.), in H. L. Hastings's Hymnal, Boston, U.S., 1880. 2. Without Thee, Lord, what had we been, a paraphrase or transfusion in 3 st. of 8 1., by Dr. W. L. Alexander, written about 1830, but first published in the second edition, 1858, of his Selection of Hymns, No. 323. Other translations are: (1) "What might I not have been without Thee," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 216. (2) "What without Thee, would I have been," by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (1856, p. 78). (3) "Without Thee, what were I worth being", by Dr. G. Macdonald, in Good Words, 1871, p. 846. Thence (as “Without Thee what were all my being"), in his Exotics, 1876, p. 3. iii. Wenn alle untreu werden. Love to Christ. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 200, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 136, in 4 st. of 8 1. Included in the Berlin Gesangbuch, 1829 ; the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 1563, &c. Translated as:— Though all the world forsake Thee, a free translation, in 6 st. of 4 1., by J. S. Stallybrass, as No. 417 in Curwen's Sabbath Hymnbook, 1859. Other translations are: (1) Tho' all men faith had banished," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 222; and thence in Lyra Eucharistica, 1864, p. 100. (2) "Though all to Thee were faithless," by Miss Winkworth, 1855, p. 165. (3) Though all were faithless to Thee," by M. E. Bramston, in the Day of Rest, 1875, p. 68. (4) "My faith to Thee I break not," by Dr. G. Macdonald, in his Exotics, 1876, p. 15. iv. Wenn ich Ihn nur habe. Jesus only. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 199, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 134, in 5 st. of 6 1. In various recent German hymnbooks, as the Württemberg Gesang-buch, 1842, the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 1564, &c. Translated as:— If I Him but have, by Dr. G. Macdonald, as No. 172 in the Manchester Sunday School Hymnbook, 1855 (see Bubier), and in his own Exotics, 1876, p. 13. Other translations are: (1) "If I have only Him," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 221, repeated in Lyra Messianica, 1864, p. 207. (2) "Oh! could my soul possess His love,” by Miss Fry, 1845, p. 114. (3) “If I only have Thee,” by Dr. G. W. Bethune, in his Lays of Love and Faith, 1847, p. 139. (4) "If only He is mine," by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1855, p. 54. (5) "If I have Christ, and Christ be mine," by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 52. (6) “If I trust in God alone," by Frederica M. Rowan, in her Meditations on Death and Eternity, 1862, p. 88. II. Hymns not in English common use: -- v. Es giebt so bange Zeiten. The Unchanging. Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 145, in 7 st. The translations are: (1) "How dark the seasons lour," by Helen Lowe, in her Zareefa, 1844, p. 164. (2) “There are dark hours of sadness," by Madame L. Davésiés de Pontès, in her Poets and Poetry of Germany, 1858, ii. p. 408. (3) “There be such dreary seasons," by M. E. Bramston, in the Day of Rest, 1875, p. 55. (4) "The times are all so wretched," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 24. vi. Fern im Osten wird es helle. Christmas. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 193, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 128, in 6 st. The translations are: (1) "Afar the Eastern sky is glowing," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 218, and Lyra Messianica, 1864, p. 87. (2) "Dawn, far Eastward on the mountain," by Dr. G. Macdonald, in Good Words, 1872, p. 216, and his Exotics, 1876, p. 7. vii. Ich sehe dich in tausend Bildern. B. Y. M. Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 157, in 8 1. Translated as: (1) "In many a form I see thee oft," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 229. (2) "In countless pictures I behold thee," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 36. viii. Ich weiss nicht was ich suchen könnte, Desire for Christ. Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 147, in 12 st. The translations are: (1) "I know not what I could desire," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 223, and Lyra Mystica, 1864, p. 218. (2) "How could I wish a greater treasure," by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (1856, p. 72). (3) "I know not one hope left to draw me," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 26. (4) "What better good could e'er befall me," by R. Massie, in the Day of Rest, 1878, p. ill. (5) "I know not what I more should long for," by F. W. Young, in the Christian Monthly, 1880, p. 559. ix. Unter tausend frohen Stunden. Communion with God. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 197, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 132, in 4 st. The translations are: (1) "Of all the golden hours whose light," by Helen Lowe, in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 220. (2) "All my world was struck with storm" (st. ii.), by M. E. Bramston, in the Day of Rest, 1875, p. 55. (3) "Of a thousand hours me meeting," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 11. x. Weinen muss ich, immer weinen. Passiontide. Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 141, in 7 st. Translated as, "Weep I must—-my heart runs over," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 20. xi. Wenige wissen das Geheimniss der Liebe. Holy Communion. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 202, and Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 138, in 2 stanzas. Translated as, "Few understand the mystery of love," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 17. xii. Wenn in bangen, trüben Stunden . In sorrow. Schriften , 1802, pt. ii. p. 153, in 2 st. The translations are: (1) "When in hours of pain and anguish," by Madame L. Davésiés de Pontès, in her Poets and Poetry of Germany, 1858, ii. p. 407. (2) "When in dreary, mournful hours," by Lady John Manners, in her Gems of German Poetry, 1865, p. 14. (3) "When in hours of fear and failing," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 32. xiii. Wer einmal, Mutter dich erblickt. B. V. M. Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 154, in 8 st. Translated as, "Who once hath seen thee, mother fair," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 33. xiv. Wer einsam sitzt in seiner Eanuner. Christ the Consoler. Musenalmanach, 1802, p. 195, and his Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 130, in 9 st. Translated as, "Who in his chamber sitteth lonely," by Dr. G. Macdonald, in Good Words, 1872, p. 234, and his Exotics, 1876, p. 9. xv. Wo bleibst du, Trost der ganzen Welt. Advent . Schriften, 1802, pt. ii. p. 150, in 12 st. Translated as, "Earth's Consolation, why so slow," by Dr. G. Macdonald, 1876, p. 29. Besides the above he had previously published a series of poems entitled "Hymnen an die Nacht" in the Athenæum, a magazine edited by A. W. Schlegel and F. Schlegel, where they appear in vol. iii., pt. ii., pp. 188-204, Berlin, 1800. They are a wonderful picture of the "night" of sorrow into which he was plunged at the death of his betrothed on March 19, 1797. There are five poems "in prose, with interspersed verse, the sixth being in verse. The longer poems in verse-form are:— 1. Das furchtbar zu den frohen Tischen trat. 2. Geboben ist der Stein. 3. Hinüber wall'ich. 4. Hinuntcr in der Erde Schoos. There is a complete translation by Henry Morley in his Dream of the Lilybell, &c, London, 1845. No. 2 has also been translated by Dr. G. Macdonald in his Threefold Cord, 1883, p. 256; and No. 4 by Helen Lowe in her Prophecy of Balaam, 1841, p. 226 (Lyra Mystica, 1864, p. 220). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907) See Novalis, 1772-1801

Karl Gerok

1815 - 1890 Hymnal Number: 238 Author of "Sei willkommen, Tag des Herrn" in Die Glaubensharfe Gerok, Karl von, D.D , was born January 30, 1815, at Stuttgart, and studied theology at the University of Tubingen. He was, from 1836 to 1840, assistant at his father's church in Stuttgart; 1840-43, lecturer (repetent) at Tübingen, and after 1844 diaconus at Böblingen, near Stuttgart. In 1849 he returned to preach at Stuttgart, where he now resides (1886), as chief court preacher and oberconsistorialrath (0. Kraus, 1879, p. 165: manuscript from Dr. von Gerok, &c). Gerok is well known as an eloquent preacher, and has published various volumes of sermons. His fame principally rests on his sacred poetry. The best known of his poetical works is his Palmblätter, 1857, which has attained a wonderful circulation, and reached a 56th edition in 1886. A new series appeared in 1878 as Palmblätter Neue Folge (9th ed., 1885, under the title Auf einsamen Gängen). A series of poems on the Book of the Acts of the Apostles appeared as Pfingstrosen, 1864, (8th ed. 1886). His other poetical works are, Die letzte Strauss, 1885 (5th ed., 1886), Blumen und Sterne, 1867 (11th ed., 1886), and Deutsche Ostern, 1872(6th ed., 1883). The Palmblätter is in four parts: pt. 1 consisting of poems on Holy Words, i.e. mostly founded on sayings of Holy Scripture; pt. ii. on "Holy Times" (Advent, &c); pt. iii. on "Holy Mountains," and pt. iv. on "Holy Waters," i.e. on Mountains and Waters mentioned in Holy Scripture. From it a few centos have passed into some of the recent German hymn-books; and a version apparently including translations of all the poems in the ed. of the German used appeared in English as Palm leaves by Karl Gerok. Translated from the German by J. E. A. Brown. London: Strahan & Co., 1869. A large number of the individual poems have also been tr, by Miss Borthwick (who has also translated a few from the Pfingstrosen), Miss Burlingham, the Revs. Dr. R. Maguire, E, Massie, J. Kelly, and various others. But as none of these versions have passed into English common use, and as the originals are poems and not hymns, we must refer the reader to the works of these translators. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Luise Hensel

1798 - 1876 Person Name: Louise Hensel Hymnal Number: 83 Author of "Immer muß ich wieder lesen" in Die Glaubensharfe Text of "Müde bin ich geh zur Ruh" is printed in Lutheran Service Book, 2006 #887 ============= Hensel, Luise, daughter of J. J. L. Hensel, Lutheran pastor at Linum, near Fehrbellin, Brandenburg, was born at Linum, March 30, 1798, Though confirmed as a Lutheran in her fifteenth year, she gradually approximated to Roman Catholicism, and was formally received into that Communion, Dec. 7, 1818. During the remaining years of her life, she devoted herself mainly to the education of the young and the care of the sick. In 1874 she entered the Union of Daughters of Christian Love at Paderborn, and died at Paderborn, Dec. 18, 1876. (O. Kraus, 1879, pp. 204-211; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, xii. 1-3, &c.) Her best hymns were written before she was 23, and in proportion as she became an Ultramontane the poetical value of her productions declined. Her finest productions are distinguished by childlike simplicity, humility, resignation, and deep Christian love. They have won wide acceptance in Germany. The first two of those noted may be regarded as nursery classics. A number of her hymns came into Clemens Brentano's hands as early as 1819, and were by mistake included as his in his posthumous works. A few were printed in F. Förster's Sängerfahrt, 1818, and a good many more in M. Diepenbrock's Geistlicher Blumenstrauss, Sulzbach, 1829. A complete edition of her hymns was published by Professor C. Schlüter of Münster as her Lieder at Paderborn, 1870 (4th ed., 1879). i. Hymns in English common use: i. Immer muss ich wieder lesen. [Holy Scripture.] This beautiful children's hymn on the Life of Christ as narrated in the Gospels, appeared in Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 265, in 7 stanzas of 4 lines (entitled "On the reading of Holy Scripture "); and in her Lieder, 1870, is dated Berlin, 1815. It is repeated in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schlatz, &, 1837, the Württemberg Gesang-Buch, 1842, &c. Translated as:— Ever would I fain be reading. A good and full translation by Miss Winkworth in her Lyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 24. It has been included in full in Psalms & Hymns, Bedford, 1859; Kennedy, 1863; Book of Praise for Children, 1881; and in America in Hatfield's Church Hymn Book, 1872, and others. In some collections it is abridged; and in the Unitarian South Place Collection, 1873, it begins, "Ever find I joy in reading." Other translations are:— (1) “O how sweet the wondrous story," by Mrs. Bevan, 1859, p. 142. (2) "In that book so old and holy," in Dr. H. W. Dulcken's Golden Harp, 1864, p. 25. (3) "Still I read, and weary never," by “A. M. A," in the British Herald, Feb. 1868, p. 211. ii. Müde bin ich, geh' zur Ruh. [Evening.] This beautiful child's evening prayer, the most popular of all her hymns, appeared in Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 270, in 4 stanzas of 4 lines. In her Lieder, 1870, p. 54, dated Berlin, Autumn, 1816. Included in the Unverfälscher Liedersegen, 1851, No. 528. Translated as:— 1. Now that o'er each weary head. A free translation of stanzas i.-iii. as No. 22 in C. H. Bateman's Children's Hymns, 1872. 2. Weary now I go to rest. A good translation of stanzas i.-iii. by E. Cronenwett as No. 324 in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal 1880. Other translations are:— (1) "Now I close my tired eyes," by Mrs. Bevan, 1859, p. 147. (2) "I am tir'd, and so I seek," by Miss Manington, 1863, p. 126. (3) "Weary now I go to bed," in Dr. H. W. Dulcken's Golden Harp, 1864, p. 40. (4) “Now with weariness opprest," a second translation by Dr. Dulcken, p. 72. (5) “Wearied now I seek repose," by J. Kelly, 1885, p. 111. ii. Hymns not in English common use: iii. Ich liebe einen Königs Sohn. [Love to Christ.] In Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 304, in 9 stanzas, and in her Lieder, 1870, p. 67, dated Berlin, 1817. Translated as "I love a royal only Son," by E. Massie, 1867, p. 174. jv. 0 Sonne, wenn von deinem Licht. [Love to Christ.] In Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 257, in 6 stanzas, and in her Lieder, 1870, p. 128, dated Söndermühlen, 1823. Translated as "O Sun, if from thy light a ray," in J. D. Burns's Memoir and Remains, 1869, p. 270. v. 0 Sorge, die mien niederdrückt. [Encouragement.] In Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 271, in 6 stanzas, and in her Lieder, 1870, p. 13, dated Berlin, 1815. The translations are:—(1l) "O anxious care that weighs me down," by Miss Burlingham, in the British Herald, Sept. 1865, p. 144. (2) "Begone, O load of care, begone," by J. Kelly, 1885, p. 80. vi. Was verlangst du, warumbangst du. [Cross and Consolation.] In Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 261, in 6 stanzas entitled "Suraum corda." In her Lieder, 1870, p. 43, it is dated Berlin, 1816. Translated as "What seekest thou! Why fearest thou," by C. T. Astley, 1860, p. 28. vii. Zu dir, zu dir, hinweg von mir. [Consecration to Christ.] In Diepenbrock, 1829, p. 267, in 5 stanzas In her Lieder, 1870, p. 31, dated Berlin, 1816. Translated as "To Thee, to Thee, away from self," by J. Kelly, 1885, p. 72. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology ===================== Hensel, Luise, p. 510, ii., No. v. "O Sorge," &c, appeared in Förster's Sängerfahrt, 1818, p. 266. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907)

Philipp Bickel

1829 - 1914 Person Name: P. W. Bickel Hymnal Number: 493 Author of "Brüder, ich bin auf der Reise" in Die Glaubensharfe

Victor von Strauss und Torney

1809 - 1899 Person Name: Victor Fried. Strauß Hymnal Number: 286 Author of "Weh des Gerichts! O Gott des Lichts" in Die Glaubensharfe Strauss, Victor Friedrich. von, was born at Bückeburg, Schaumburg-Lippe, Sept. 18, 1809. He became a student of law at the Universities of Erlangen, Bonn, and Gottingen. In 1832 he married Albertine von Torney, daughter of a Hannoverian landed proprietor; and, in 1872, at the request of her relations, added her name to his own (Strauss und Torney), having been previously, in 1851, raised to the Austrian nobility. Having entered the diplomatic service of Schaumburg-Lippe, in 1832, he was appointed, in 1840, Archivrath at Bückeburg; and attended the Frankfurt Diet as Geheimrath, in 1850, as the accredited representative of Schaumburg-Lippe. He was also, from 1853 to 1866, the regular representative of Schaumburg-Lippe, at the North German Diet. Thereafter he retired on a pension, and went at Easter, 1869, to Erlangen, where he wrote a translation of the works of the Chinese philosopher Laò-tsè, with a commentary (published 1870). In 1872 he removed to Dresden. In 1889 he published the first vol. of a work on Altägyptische Götterglaube (Koch, vii. 270; 0. Kraus, 1879, p. 525, &c). Both as a secular and as a sacred poet, Strauss holds high rank among his contemporaries in Germany; not so much for popularity, as for wealth of ideas, breadth of culture, beauty of form, and clear, simple expression. The impulse which he received to the study of theology and to hymnwriting, was mainly through the impression of manifest unfairness left upon him by reading D. F. Strauss's Leben Jesu, 1835. This led him to study the New Testament for himself; and to find, in the old Gospel, the satisfaction of the needs of his spirit. His hymns, while, like most modern hymns, in the main subjective, often catch the ring and noble simplicity of the older objective classical hymns, but are more finished in form. Many have passed into recent German hymnbooks. They appeared principally in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1844-48; and in his own—(1) Gedichte, Bielefeld, 1841; (2) Lieder aus der Gemeine für das Christliche Kirchenjahr, Hamburg, 1843 ; and (3) Weltliches und Geistliches, Heidelberg, 1856. The hymns in No. 3 are in the second part, which is separately paged, and en¬titled Geistliches im Gedichten und Liedern. The work entitled Das Kirchenjahr im Hause, Heidelberg, 1845, is a series of poetical meditations, and not of hymns properly so called. The hymns by Strauss which have passed into English are:— i. Lobjauchzt und mehret Gottes Ruhm. Advent. First published in 1856, as above, pt. ii., p. 8, in 16 stanzas, entitled "Advent." Translation as, "The Lord doth in His Kingdom come." By J. Kelly, 1885. ii. Nun gingst auch du. Easter Eve. First published, 1843, as above, p. 126, in 7 stanzas of 5 lines, and en¬titled, "The Lord in the Grave." Included in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1850, No. 560. Translated as:— Thou sore-oppress'd. A good translation, omitting st. v. by Miss Winkworth, in herLyra Germanica, 2nd Ser., 1858, p. 34; and thence in her Chorale Book for Eng¬land, 1863, No. 56. Included in the Hymnary, 1872, Parish Hymn Book, 1875, Evangelical Hymnal, N. York, 1880, and others. iii. 0 mein Herz, gieb dich zufrieden. Waiting on God. First published, 1841, as above, p. 160, in 5 stanzas of 8 lines, and entitled, "Tranquillity." Included in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1850, No. 1955. The translation in common use is:— 0 my heart, be calm and patient. A translation of st. i., ii., v., by Miss Borthwick, as No. 243 in Dr. Pagenstecher's Collection, 1864. Other translations are:— (1) "0 my heart, be calm, confiding." By Miss Burlingham, in the British Herald, June 1866, p. 287; and in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. (2) "O my heart, be thou content." By J. Kelly, 1885, p. 75. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Meta Heusser-Schweizer

1797 - 1876 Person Name: Meta Heußer-Schweizer Hymnal Number: 125 Author of "Lamm, das gelitten, und Löwe, der siegreich gerungen" in Die Glaubensharfe Heusser-Schweizer, Meta, daughter of Diethelm Schweizer, pastor of the Reformed Church at Hirzel near Zurich, was born at Hirzel, April 6, 1797, and was married in 1821, to Johann Jakob Heusser, a physician at Hirzel. Dr. Heusser died at Hirzel in 1859, and his widow continued to reside there till her death on January 2, 1876 (Koch, vii. 377-381; Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, xii. 339, 340). She was of a true poetic genius, and may fairly be regarded as the most important of modern German female sacred poets. The Holy Scriptures and the mountain scenery of her lonely home were the chief sources of her poetic inspiration. She was trained in the school of affliction, and her poems breathe the spirit of deep and sincere piety and childlike dependence, are free from all affectation, and speak from the heart to the heart. Her poems first appeared at intervals in Albert Knapp's Christoterpe. The first series of them were published at Leipzig in 1858 as Lieder einer Verborgenen; reprinted with her name as her Gedichte at Leipzig, 1863. A second series was published at Leipzig in 1867. A large number of her hymns are found in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1850 and 1865; and in the Deutsches Gesang-Buch, 1860, of her friend Dr. Schaff, afterwards adopted as the official book of the American Reformed Church. A full selection of her poems was translated by Miss Jane Borthwick, and was published by Nelson in 1875 as Alpine Lyrics, and included as part of the new edition of Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1884. The dates of composition, unless otherwise stated, have been kindly supplied by her daughter, Fraulein Ega Heusser. I. Hymns in English common use. i. Herz, du hast viel geweinet. Consolation. Written in 1837, on her return from Pfäfers (Pfefiers). First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1841, p. 330, in 9 stanzas of 4 lines, beginning "Du hast, O Herz geweinet," as "A Floweret from Pfäfers." Repeated 1858, p. 90, and in Knapp's Christenlieder, 1841, No. 190, and Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz. 1850, No. 2060 (1865, No. 2120). Translated as:— Long hast thou wept and sorrowed, in full, by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 4th Ser., 1862, p. 33. The translations of stanzas i., vii.-ix., were included in Wilson's Service of Praise, 1865, and the whole in Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1870. Another translation is:—"Heart, thou hast long been weeping," in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. ii. Schweige still. Consolation. Written Jan. 25, 1849, and 1st published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1852, p. 128, in 6 stanzas of 5 lines, entitled "Be still," and repeated 1858, p. 108. Translated as:— Heart be still! a good translation, omitting stanzas iv., in the Christian Treasury, June, 1853, p. 142. Included in the Shadow of the Rock, N. Y., 1869, and thence in full in Horder's Congregational Hymnal, 1884, and, omitting stanzas iii., iv., in W. F. Stevenson's Hymns for Church & Home, 1873. Other translations are:— (1) "Peace, be still! In this night," in the Christian Examiner, Boston, U.S., Nov. 1860. (2) "Peace, be still, Through the night," by Miss Borthwick, 1875, p. 94. II. Hymns not in English common use:-- iii. Danket für alles; ihr Kinder der gottlichen Liebe. Thanksgiving . On 1 Thess. v. 18. Written April 1, 1821. First published in her Lieder, 1858, p. 117, in 9 stanzas. Translated as "Give thanks for all things, children of your God," by Miss Borthwick, 1875. iv. Der du trugst die Schmerzen aller. Supplication. Written 1833. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1835, p. 276, in 12 stanzas. Translated as "Thou hast borne our sins and sorrows," by Miss Borthwick, 1875. v. Dunkel ists! des Lebens laute Tone. The Mother's Prayer. Written 1827. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1834, p. 45, in 14 stanzas, entitled, "At midnight, by the children's bedside." Translated as "Darkness reigns—the hum of life's commotion," by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1854, p. 21. vi. Endlich, endlich, wirst auch du. Encouragement. Written 1823. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe , 1834, p. 41, in 14 stanzas. Translated as "Doubt it not—thou too shalt come," by Miss Borthwick, 1875. vii. Hör’ich euch wieder, ihr Töne des Frühlings erklingen. Spring. This noble hymn was written in March, 1833 (1831?), after many troublous days and nights, during a journey from the snow-clad heights of Hirzel to the neighbouring Lake of Zug, where Spring had already begun. (Koch, vii. 380.) First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1836, p. 238, in 21 stanzas, entitled “Hymn of Praise. In early Spring amid the first songs of the birds." In the hymnals the second part, "Lamm, das gelitten, und Lowe, der siegreich gerungen" (st. x.), is given for Ascensiontide. The translations are, (1) "Voices of Spring, with what gladness I hear you again," by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1862, p. 8. (2) "Lamb, that hast suffered, and Lion of Judah victorious," by Dr. H. Harbaugh, in the German Reformed Guardian, July, 1865. (3) "Lamb, the once crucified! Lion, by triumph surrounded," tr. April, 1868, by T. C. Porter, for Schaff's Christ in Song , 1869. viii. Ich weiss, dass mein Erl'dser lebet. Consolation. Written March 20, 1859, on Job xix. 25, and included from her manuscript in Dr. Schaff’s Deutsches Gesang-Buch, 1860, in 5 stanzas (see his note there), and then in her Gedichte, 1863, p. 145. Translated as "Yes! my Redeemer lives, to save us," by Dr. H. Mills, in Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1870. ix. Ich weiss was mien erfreuet. Joy in Believing. Written 1850, and first published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1852, p. 132, in 8 stanzas. Translated as "I know what bringeth gladness," in the British Herald, July 1866, and in Reid's Praise Book, 1872. x. Nun ein wenig Schweiss und Thränen. Pilgrim Song. Written 1835, and first published in Knapp's Christo-terpe, 1836, p. 244, in 5 stanzas. Translated as "A few more conflicts, toils, and tears," by Miss Borthwick, 1875. xi. O Jesus Christ, mein Leben. Love to Christ. First published as No. 185 in the Zurich Gesang-Buch, 1853, in 6 stanzas. H. Weber, in his Das Zürcher-Gesangbuch, Zurich, 1872, p. 287, quotes from a letter of the authoress, by which it appears that about the year 1844 some of her friends wished a hymn to the fine old melody, "Esist ein Kos entsprungen." She came upon No. 1527 in Knapp's Evangelischer Lieder-Schatz, 1837, "Jesus, der ist mein Leben," recast it, and adapted it to the required metre. As the hymn is thus only partly original, she did not include it in her published works. Translated as "0 Christ, my Life, my Saviour," by Miss Borthwick, 1875, p. 69. xii. So zieh in Gottes Frieden denn. Farewell to a Foreign Missionary. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1852, p. 134, in 11 stanzas. Translated as "Now, in the peace of God," by Miss Borthwick, 1875, p. 66. xiii. Theuer ist der Tod der deinen. Death of the Righteous. Written on the death of a friend in 1849. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1852, p. 136, in 6 stanzas. Translated as "Dear to Thee, 0 Lord, and precious," by Miss Borthwick, 1875, p. 49. xiv. "Ueber ein Kleines," so sprach erinnachtlicher Stunde. Eternal Life. Founded on St. John xvi. 16. Written 1841, and 1st pub. in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1846, p. 30, in 10 stanzas. Translated as "A little while! so spake our gracious Lord," by Miss Borthwick in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1858, p. 22. xv. Willkommen, lieber, lieber Tag. Easter. Written 1825. First published in Knapp's Christoterpe, 1834, p. 54, in 12 stanzas. Translated as "We welcome thee, dear Easter day," by Dr. H. Mills in 1859, printed in Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1870 (1879, p. 225). xvi. Wir werden bei dem Herrn sein allezeit. Eternal Life. Founded on 1 Thess. iv. 17. Written 1845, and first pub. in Knapp's Christoterpe , 1846, p. 32, in 7 stanzas. The translations are, (1) “O sweet home echo on the pilgrim's way," by Miss Borthwick, in Hymns from the Land of Luther, 1858, p. 62. (2) "O blessed Voice—that Voice from Home," by Dr. R. Maguire, 1883, p. 162. xvii. Zu deinen Fussen lass mich liegen. Cross and Consolation. Written 1865. First published in her Gedichte, 1867, p. 126, in 11 stanzas. Translated as "Low at Thy feet my spirit lies," by Miss Borthwick, 1875, p. 83. Besides the above, many pieces have been translated by Miss Borthwick, Miss Burlingham, Rev. J. Kelly and others. Being poems rather than hymns, they are omitted from this list. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Friedrich Adolph Lampe

1683 - 1729 Person Name: Friedr. Adolph Lampe Hymnal Number: 34 Author of "O Liebesgluth, wie soll ich Dich" in Die Glaubensharfe Lampe, Friedrich Adolf, D.D., son of Heinrich Lampe, pastor of the Reformed church at Detmold, was born at Detmold, apparently Feb. 18, and was certainly baptized there Feb. 19, 1683. He remained at Detmold till the death of his grandfather (General-Superintendent Zeller) in 1691, and then joined his widowed moiher at Bremen. He entered the Lyceum (Academic Gymnasium) at Bremen, in 1698; and in 1702 went to the University of Franeker in Holland. After a short residence at the University of Utrecht he became, in 1703, pastor of the Reformed church at Weeze, near Cleve; in 1706 at Duisburg; and in 1709 second pastor of St. Stephen's Church in Bremen, where in 1719 he became pastor primarius. In 1720 he was appointed German preacher and professor of dogmatics at the University of Utrecht (the degree of D.D. being also conferred on him); and in 1726 professor of Church History and Rector of the University. After a severe illness in the winter of 1726-27 he resigned in June, 1727, and returned to Bremen as third pastor of St. Ansgar's Church and professor at the Lyceum. He died at Bremen, Dec. 8, 1729. (Allg. Deutsche Biog., xvii. 579; F. A. Lampe Sein Leben und seine Theologie. By Dr. Otto Thelemann, 1868, &c). Lampe was the most important theologian that had appeared in the German Reformed Church since the Reformation period. He was the great exponent of the Federal or Covenant theology in his Geheimniss des Gnadenbundes, 1712 if.; the author of a well-known commentary on St. John's Gospel, 1724-26; of various catechetical works, &c. As a hymn-writer Lampe is not so important; but yet ranks as one of the best writers in the Reformed Church. His hymns are Scriptural, and characterised by glowing piety, deep spiritual insight, firm faith, and play of fancy; but are often somewhat obscure and involved, and not seldom very lengthy. Nine first appeared in his Balsam aus Gilead, Bremen, 1713, and the rest principally in his Bündlein XXV. Gottseliger Gesange, Bremen, 1723 [Royal Library, Berlin], and later editions. The edition of 1731 (XXX. Geistliche Lieder, &c.) contains also an appendix of 13 hymns from his manuscript. Comparatively few of Lampe's hymns are in modern German common use. Those which have passed into English are:— i. Mein Leben ist ein Pilgrimstand. For Travellers. 1723, No. 10, p. 39, in 8 St., entitled "Travelling Thoughts." In the Berlin Geistliche Liedersegen, edition 1863. Translated as, "My life is but a pilgrim-stand," by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (1856, p. 150). ii. 0 Fels des Heils am Kreuzesstamm. Holy Communion. 1723, No. 5, p. 21, in 12 stanzas of 5 lines entitled "Devotional Hymn at Holy Communion." In Dr. J. P. Lange's Kirchenliederbuch, 1843, st. xii. is omitted, and it begins "O Fels des Heils, O Gotteslamm." The translation in common use is:— O healing Rock, O Lamb of God. A translation of stanzas i.-iii., v., xii., by Dr. R. Maguire, in his Melodies of the Fatherland, 1883, p. 107. Repeated, omitting stanza iii., in R. Gault's Hymn Book for Church of England, 1886. iii. 0 Liebesgluth, wie toll ich dich. Love to Christ. Founded on St. John iii. 16. 1723, No. 19, p. 50, in 6 stanzas. Previously in his Geheimniss des Gnadenbundes, pt. iv., vol. ii., 2nd ed., Bremen, 1721, p. 1086. In Bunsen's Versuch, 1833, omitting stanzas ii., iv. Translated as: (1) "O Fire of Love, what earthly words," by Mrs. Bevan, 1858, p. 61. (2) "O wondrous love of Christ! how bright," by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 75. iv. So ist von meiner kurzen Pilgrimschaft. New Year. 1723, No. 24, p. 69, in 16 stanzas. The form translation is that in the Berlin Gesang-Buch, 1829, No. 424, altered, and beginning "Wie schnell verstrich, O Herr voll Mild und Huld." Translated as, "How swift, O Lord, most kind, most bountiful," by J. L. Frothingham, 1870, p. 255. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

David Denicke

1603 - 1680 Hymnal Number: 229 Author of "Wir Menschen sind zu dem, o Gott" in Die Glaubensharfe Denicke, David, son of B. D. Denicke, Town Judge of Zittau, Saxony, was born at Zittau, January 31, 1603. After studying philosophy and law at the Universities of Wittenberg and Jena, he was for a time tutor of law at Königsberg, and, 1624-1628, travelled in Holland, England and France. In 1629 he became tutor to the sons of Duke Georg of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and under father and sons held various important offices, such as, 1639, the direction of the foundation of Bursfeld, and in 1642 a member of the Consistory at Hannover. He died at Hannover, April 1, 1680 (Koch, iii. 237; Bode, p. 58). His hymns, which for that time were in good taste, and are simple, useful, warm, and flowing, appeared in the various Hannoverian hymnbooks, 1646-1659, which he edited along with J. Gesenius (q.v.). All appeared there without his name. Those translated are:—i. Wenn ich die heilgen zehn Gebot. Ten Commandments. Contributed to the Hannover Gesang Buch, 1652, No. 69, as a hymn on the Ten Commandments, in 22 stanza of 4 1., stanzas i.-x. being a confession of sins against them, and stanzas xi.-xxii. a medi¬tation and prayer for God's mercy. Included in Crüger's Praxis pietatis melica, 1661, in Freylinghausen's Gesang Buch, 1714, and recently in a few collections, as Sarnighausen's Gesang Buch, 1855, No. 164, and the Ohio Gesang Buch, 1865, No. 182. It is translated as Almighty Lord of earth and heaven. By C. H. L. Schnette, as No. 206 in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880. Stanzas i.-iv. are literal; stanzas v.-vii. seem based on v., vii., xvi., xvii. Hymns not in English common use:— ii. Ach treuer Gott! ich ruf zu dir . [Christian Life .] 1st published in the Hannover Gesang Buch, 1652, No. 135, in 17 st. This is translated as:—(1) “My God! I call upon Thy name," by Miss Cox, 1841, p. 177. (2) "Most holy God! to thee I cry," by Lady E. Fortescue, 1843 (1847, p. 69). iii. Kommt, lasst euch den Herren lehren . [ The Beatitudes,] 1st published in the Hannover Gesang Buch , 1648, in 11 st., No. 133. It may have been suggested by J. Heermann's "Kommt ihr Christen, kommt und höret" (9 st. in his Sontags- und Fest-Evangelia, Leipzig, 1638; Mützell, 1858, No. 94), but has only 3 lines in common with it. In the Nürnberg Gesang Buch , 1676, No. 962, and many later hymnbooks, it begins : "kommt und lasst uns Jesum lehren." It is translated as "Come and hear our blessed Saviour," by J. C. Jacobi, 1722, p. 46. In his 2nd edition, 1732, p. 75, altered and beginning “Come, and hear the sacred story," and thence in the Moravian Hymnbook, 1754, pt. i., No. 469; stanzas x., xi. beginning, "Jesus, grant me to inherit," being repeated in later editions and as No. 423 in J. A. Latrobe's Collection, 1841. iv. Was kann ich doch fiir Dank. [Praise and Thanksgiving] 1st publised in the Hannover Gesang Buch, 1648, in 8 st., No. 154. Stanza vii. is altered from “Herr Jesu, führe mich," by J. Heermann (Devoti Musica Cordis); Breslau, 1630; Mützell, 1858, No. 57. Translated as "What, thanks can I repay?" by J. C. Jacobi, 1725, p. 46 (1732, p. 147). v. Wir Menschen sein zu dem, O Gott. [Holy Scripture."] 1st published in the Hannover Gesang Buch, 1659, No. 180, in 10 stanzas. Founded on the Gospel for Sexagesima Sunday—St. Luke viii. 4, &c. Translated as:—(1) "Give us Thy Spirit, Lord, that we," a translation of stanza iii. by J. Swertner, as No. 8 in the Moravian Hymnbook, 1789 (1886, No. 9). (2) "Let the splendour of Thy word," a translation of stanza ix. by J. Swertner, as No. 15, in the Moravian Hymnbook, 1789. (1886, No. 17). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] -- John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology

Christian Renatus von Zinzendorf

1727 - 1752 Person Name: Gr. N. L. v. Zinzendorf Hymnal Number: 67 Author of "Gott und Mensch vereint zusammen" in Die Glaubensharfe Zinzendorf, Christian Renatus, Count von, second son of Nicolaus Ludwig Ton Zinzendorf, was born Sept. 19, 1727, at Herrnhut, in Saxony. He received his education from his parents, and from Johann Langguth and others of the Brethren. He was the only son that survived his boyhood, early accompanied his father on his journeys, and was, e.g., in 1743, for sixteen days imprisoned with him at Riga. From 1744 to 1750 he lived mostly at Herrenhaag in Wetteravia, ministering specially to the single Brethren. When the community at Herrenhaag was dissolved in 1750, his father summoned him to London. He brought with him the seeds of consumption, which developed in England. He died in London, May 28, 1752 (Koch, v., 312; Hist. Nachricht (to the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778), 1835, p. 192, &c). C. R. von Zinzendorf’s hymns were principally written during his residence in London. They are by no means free from the faults and mannerisms of that sentimental and fantastic period of Moravian hymn-writing; and their range of subjects is very limited. Their burden is a deep and intense personal devotion to the crucified Saviour; the spirit being that of his favourite saying, "I have but one passion, and that is He, only He." They were collected by his father, and published, (with a preface dated March 18,1755), as the first Appendix to the London Gesang-Buch of 1754, with 53 (54) pieces, 9 of which consist of only one stanza, 2nd ed. 1760. Most of them passed into the Brüder Gesang-Buch of 1778. Few have passed into English use in non-Moravian hymnbooks. Three of these hymns may here be referred to:— i. Ach lass auf alien Tritten. Sanctification . Written in 1751. Included in the Kleine Brüder Gesang-Buch, London, 1754. It is No. 64 in the 2nd edition, 1760, of the Appendix of 1755, and repeated as st. ii. of No. 380, in the Brüder Gesang-Buch1778. The translation in common use is:— Lord Jesus, Thy atonement. This is No. 427 in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1849, No. 588), repeated in Bickersteth's Christian Psalmody, 1833. ii. Für uns ging mein Herr in Todesnöthen. Passiontide. This is included as No. 166 in the Brüder Gesang-Buch, 1778, in 10 stanzas of 8 lines. It is a cento from three hymns in the Appendix of 1755, as above, viz. stanzas 1-5, 8, 9 are stanzas 12-15, 17, 11, 18, of No. 28 (this hymn begins "Ach du unaussprechlich nahes Herze"); stanzas 6, 7 are stanzas 2, 3, of No. 10; while stanza 10 is No. 17. The text of 1778 is in the Berlin Gesitliche Lieder, ed. 1863, No. 230. The translations in common use is:— My Redeemer, overwhelm'd with anguish. By J. Swertner, in full, from the 1778 text, as No. 78 in the Moravian Hymn Book, 1789 (1849, No. 93). The translations of stanzas 1, 2, 6-8, were included in Walker's Collection, Cheltenham, 1855. In the Moravian Hymn Book, 1886, No. 82, it begins with st. vi. "Our enraptured hearts shall ne'er be weary." iii. 0 süsse Seelenweide. Not including the above the English Moravian Hymn Book, 1886, gives seven hymns with his name, and ascribes portions of four others to him. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.] --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)